SCHOLARLY RESEARCH JOURNAL FOR INTERDISCIPLINARY STUDIES

Leadership emerges as a pivotal determinant of change success, serving as the primary mechanism through which organizations navigate complex adaptations and transformations. Leaders play multifaceted roles during change processes: they articulate compelling visions, mobilize resources, communicate strategic direction, manage resistance, and inspire employees to embrace new ways of working. Leaders play multifaceted roles during change processes: they articulate compelling visions, mobilize resources, communicate strategic direction, manage resistance, and inspire employees to embrace new ways of working. The effectiveness of leadership in change management contexts depends not only on individual leader characteristics but also on the leadership style employed, the quality of communication, and the alignment between leadership approaches and organizational culture. This study on role of leadership towards change management is descriptive study conducted by the help of secondary data. The authors aim to understand the concept and significance of change management. The authors further aim to study the role of leadership towards change management at organisation and enlist the role of leadership towards change management at organization as best part of practice sharing. The scope of the study encompasses the domain of the Leadership and Change Management. The generalistic approach may lead to limitations of the study. Hence the inferences gathered are indicative in nature and not exhaustive.

Key Words: Leadership, Role of Leadership, Change Management, Transformational Leadership

Adolescence is an important developmental period during which individuals experience substantial physical, psychological, social and cognitive changes. It is also a formative stage for the development of values, attitudes, aspirations and behavioural patterns. Adolescents growing up in disadvantaged socio-economic and educational circumstances may encounter additional challenges that influence their academic functioning, psychological well-being and development of value orientations. The present study examined the value patterns of deprived adolescents and explored their relationship with academic achievement and mental stress. A descriptive survey method was employed. The sample consisted of 120 Class VIII students selected from four CBSE schools in Khurda city, Odisha. The sample included 60 boys and 60 girls and was selected through a stratified random sampling procedure. Data were collected using a standardized Value Pattern Scale and a Mental Stress Scale, while academic achievement was assessed using students' previous annual examination marks. Descriptive statistics, including frequency, percentage, mean and standard deviation, were used to summarize the data. Pearson's product-moment correlation and the t-test were proposed for examining relationships and gender differences. The distribution of value-pattern scores indicated that 31.67% of the respondents demonstrated a high level, 47.50% a moderate level, and 20.83% a low level of value pattern. The mean score for value pattern was 69.80 (SD = 8.45), while the mean academic achievement score was 74.20 (SD = 9.10). The mean mental stress score was 53.60 (SD = 7.80). The study highlights the importance of considering value development, educational achievement and psychological well-being together when addressing the educational needs of adolescents from disadvantaged backgrounds.

Keywords: deprived adolescents, value pattern, academic achievement, mental stress, adolescence, secondary education, socio-economic disadvantage

The pervasive integration of Generative Artificial Intelligence (AI) tools, such as ChatGPT, into higher education has fundamentally altered student engagement with academic tasks, critical thinking, and writing processes. While GenAI platforms offer unprecedented efficiency, idea generation, and linguistic assistance, their overuse has sparked significant debates regarding cognitive depth versus ethical compliance. This paper investigates the impact of Generative AI on multidimensional student engagement, focusing on the tension between critical thinking development and academic integrity. Employing a qualitative systematic literature review methodology, the study analyzed peer-reviewed scholarly articles published between 2020 and 2025 across major indexed databases, including Scopus, Web of Science, and ScienceDirect. The synthesized findings indicate that while GenAI enhances initial task engagement and structural writing speed, excessive reliance promotes cognitive offloading, leading to superficial content processing, reduced analytical problem-solving, and a diminished capacity for independent reasoning. Furthermore, the study highlights critical academic integrity challenges, including uncredited AI usage, blurred boundaries of authorship, assessment disparities, and the technical limitations of current AI detection mechanisms. Although Generative AI serves as a valuable scaffold for academic mechanics, unchecked usage threatens student intellectual autonomy and deep learning. The paper emphasizes the imperative for robust AI literacy, adaptive pedagogical strategies, and updated institutional frameworks to balance innovative student engagement with academic rigor and ethical standards.

Keywords: Generative AI, Student engagement, Cognitive offloading, Critical thinking,

Academic integrity, Higher education

Legal recognition and education policy provide a basis for transgender inclusion in India, but admission alone does not ensure safety, participation, or educational continuity. This narrative and policy review examines barriers affecting transgender students and considers the educational implications of Indian law, national education policy, and selected research on school experiences. The discussion addresses recognition and records, bullying and school climate, curriculum and teaching, facilities and student support, and transitions between educational stages. Indian evidence is distinguished from international studies, whose findings cannot be assumed to apply directly across Indian settings. The review argues that institutions need coordinated procedures that protect privacy, address harassment, prepare staff, and resolve administrative obstacles before they interrupt education. It proposes responsibilities for school leaders, teachers, support staff, teacher education institutions, and education authorities. Because the review is narrative, it does not estimate the prevalence of discrimination or establish the effectiveness of particular interventions. Research involving transgender students and examination of institutional implementation are needed to determine how legal and policy commitments operate in different educational settings.

Keywords: Transgender Students; Inclusive Education; School Climate; Gender Diversity; Education Policy; India

Music has been in existence since human civilisation. Transiting and transforming from vedic period to ancient to rituals to folk songs to classical to contemporary digital music, different societies have been persistently using music for communication of experiences that cannot otherwise be completely conveyed through using simple language. Sound and rhythm exists since pre-birth and continues through life whether in the form of birth, marriage, anniversaries, parties, mourning, worship, protest and varied other occasions. It is not just a mode of beautifying but a pertinent element of social and cultural life. There is a reciprocal relationship between music and society. Society impacts the forms, instruments and styles through which music is generated and cultivated, while at the same time music too fosters the creation and conveying of social identities and values. A folk song indicates and also at the same time acts as a preserver of the history of a particular community; a devotional piece may regenerate religious traditions; a protest song has the potential to express resistance etc. The cultural importance of music is specifically evident through multiple and varied societies in India. The tradition of Indian music has developed through centuries of interplay and reciprocities amongst multiple societies, cultures, languages, religions and regions etc. Classical music like Hindustani and Carnatic exist parallel to various folk and tribal traditions and emerging music genres. This plurality reflects that music is substantially related with cultural memory and social identity. The present music framework is passing through significant transformation. Globalisation and social-media platforms have changed creation, distribution and consumption of music. Musical expressions once confined to specific geographical and cultural boundaries have now reached the people beyond borders. This further provided opportunities for cultural exchange. The same has also raised concerns regarding commercialisation and the marginalisation of traditional forms. This article examines these domains and argues that music should to be comprehended as an evolving and transformative social phenomenon that also preserves tradition and strengthens cultural change.

Keywords: Culture, Expression, Heritage, Music, Society.

Microfinance institutions (MFIs) play a critical role in improving financial inclusion in Kenya; however, high loan default rates continue to threaten their financial sustainability. This study aimed to identify the key credit risk factors in loan default among clients of MFIs in Makueni County, Kenya. Three machine learning models were applied i.e Logisitic Regression, Naïve Bayes and Support Vector Machine. The study adopted a quantitative research design and used secondary data comprising 4,592 borrower records obtained from selected MFIs operating within the county. Borrower socio-economic and financial attributes were extracted from loan records and preprocessed through data cleaning, normalization and encoding procedures. The dataset was split into training and testing sets using an 80:20 ratio. The results showed that all the three models demonstrated acceptable predictive performance, with the SVM model achieving the highest performance (accuracy = 86.2%, AUC = 0.929), followed by Logistic Regression (accuracy = 83.5%, AUC = 0.923) and Naïve Bayes (accuracy = 76.5%, AUC = 0.792). The findings further revealed that key predictors of loan default included loan amount, interest amount, outstanding loan balance, loan term, number of serviced loans, employment status, loan purpose and borrower type (new or repeat clients). In conclusion, the study established that loan default is primarily driven by financial exposure (loan amount, outstanding balance, repayment term) and borrower characteristics (employment status and repayment history).. These findings demonstrate the effectiveness of data-driven credit risk modelling in improving loan approval decisions and enhancing financial sustainability of MFIs in rural Kenyan contexts.

Key Word: Loan default, Microfinance institutions, Logistic regression, Naïve Bayes, Support Vector Machine, Credit risk.

Objective: This study was conducted to find the comparative levels of agility and sports aggression in between university-level Kabaddi player and Kho-Kho players from Chhattisgarh.

Methodology: The study included 100 male university players, with 50 participants from Kabaddi and 50 from Kho-Kho, they were randomly selected from various universities in Chhattisgarh, aged between 20 to 27 years. Agility was assessed using the 4x10 yards shuttle run test, while measurement of sports’ aggression using Sports Aggression Questionnaire derived by Km. Roma Pal and Dr. Tasneem Naqvi. All data were statistically analyzed- descriptive statistics (mean, standard deviation) and independent samples 't' test at 0.05 significance level.

Results: Findings show no significant difference in agility between Kabaddi player and Kho-Kho players (t = 1.022, p = 0.309), indicating comparable agility performance. However, a significant difference was observed in sports aggression (t = -4.997, p = 0.000), with Kabaddi players exhibiting significantly more sports aggression (M = 88.63, SD = 15.33) compared to Kho-Kho players (M = 75.84, SD = 9.28).

Conclusion: Study concludes that university-level Kabaddi player and Kho-Kho players of Chhattisgarh demonstrate comparable agility, while Kabaddi players exhibit significantly more sports aggression. These findings reflect distinct physical and psychological sports demands for each. Study provides valuable insights for coaches and trainers in developing sport-specific training programs.

Keywords: Agility, Sports Aggression, Kabaddi, Kho-Kho, University-Level Players, Chhattisgarh

Background: Participation of sports influence the development of physiological and body compositional, yet comparative data specific to university-level athletes in central India remain limited. Objective: This study try to compare selected physiological variables (resting heart rate, blood pressure, VO? Max, and respiratory rate) and body composition components between female and male sportspersons at Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya, Bilaspur. Methodology: A comparative study was employed with 60 university sportspersons (30 male and  30 female). Physiological parameters were assessed using standard laboratory protocols and body composition was accessed by bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA). Descriptive statistical analysis was performed to analyze data with  independent t-tests. Results: Significant gender-based differences were observed in resting heart rate (p < 0.001), VO?max (p < 0.001), respiratory rate (p = 0.036), body fat percentage (p < 0.001) and lean body mass (p < 0.001). Male sportspersons demonstrated higher cardiorespiratory fitness (VO? max: 46.83 ± 4.91 vs. 39.12 ± 5.24 ml/kg/min) and lower body fat percentages (17.83 ± 4.21% vs. 24.67 ± 4.83%) compared to their female participants, while female participants had higher resting heart rates (74.23 ± 6.12 vs. 68.47 ± 5.23 bpm). Blood pressure and BMI not significantly differ between groups (p > 0.05). Conclusion: Findings underscore influence by the gender on physiological adaptations to sports training and provide normative data for university sportspersons in this region.

Keywords: Physiological Variables, Body Composition, University Sportspersons, Comparative Study, Gender Differences, VO?Max

Composed by Pandit Vishnu Sharma around 300 BCE, the Panchatantra is one  of the earliest documented interventions in human history for neurodivergent and non-traditional learners. Written specifically to teach three princes described as amukhashakti (incapable of learning through conventional means), the text employs animal fables, anthropomorphism, and structured narratives to circumvent cognitive barriers. This research paper examines how the narrative techniques of the Panchatantra structurally align with current principles of Special Education Needs and Disabilities (SEND), such as Universal Design for Learning (UDL), Differentiated Instruction, Multisensory Storytelling, and Social-Emotional Learning (SEL). Building on scholarly analyses from special education and indigenous knowledge systems (IKS), this study reflects how ancient narrative pedagogy offers a sustainable framework for inclusive education in the present day and how it can be applied in modern education.

Keywords: Panchatantra, Special Education, Universal Design for Learning (UDL), Narrative Pedagogy, Neurodiversity, Social-Emotional Learning (SEL), Children with Special Needs (CWSN).

Education is the fundamental factor for realising all of human potential. It is a persistent global problem: no country can talk about development when half of its people are handicapped, and no country can speak about development if it does not utilize all its human resources. It is a problem that is often raised when talking about using all of the human resources of the nation and achieving gender equality. The 1986 New Policy on Education defines education as one of the means for any nation to pull itself out of backwardness and move towards becoming a developed nation. Free and Compulsory Education for All was initiated, but it has not been implemented yet. The National Education Policy-2020 (NEP) has ushered in a new education policy in India after 34 years. With 100% gross enrolment for school education by 2030 and 50% for higher education by 2035, this new strategy seeks to essentially universalize education in India. The initial step in ensuring equal access to school for disadvantaged girls is included in the provision, along with the establishment of special school zones. Through constructive civil discussions with women leaders participating in the educational system, it also aims to increase the capacity of women to lead. This will guarantee that gender equity and inclusion are practiced in society, reduce gender disparities at all levels, and result in a record number of people enrolling in higher education. The National Education Policy-2020 has been examined in this study as a means of influencing women's education.

Keywords: Gender Equality, Women Education, Special School Zone, Gender Inclusion Fund.

The aim of this study is to analyse mythic discourse in modern English storytelling as seen in both human and AI narratives. It combines the findings of other scholars in the field of secondary qualitative analysis through the concepts of mythic structures, archetypes, symbolic motifs and new digital myths. The results suggest that it is possible to identify a striking resemblance in the reproduction of traditional mythic pattern elements such as creation, change, heroic struggle, sacrifice and human-AI conflict. However, human narratives show higher levels of contextual transformation while machine-made narratives are more likely to re-combine inherited elements of the mythos and technology-related themes such as artificial consciousness, digital existence and machine autonomy. The authors conclude that the study has demonstrated the role of AI in the transformation of stories, but also found that the stories are clearly tied to human cultural and literary legacy.

Education is a gradual and continuous process which takes place within an properly established institutions like schools and colleges. Schools serve as the most important formal institutions for imparting education in early age. In schools, learning takes place not only through classroom teaching but also through a wide variety of activities that contribute to the holistic development of students. Education is therefore a multidimensional complex journey that extends beyond textbooks and regular examinations. It includes intellectual, emotional, social and physical dimensions of a students development and growth. While scholastic learning focuses on academic achievement and cognitive development; co-scholastic learning complements it by addressing the remaining spectrum of skills, essential for the balanced development of a learner. Maintaining an appropriate balance between scholastic and co-scholastic learning is crucial for nurturing a well-rounded personality. A well balanced combination  of both forms of learning ensures that students develop not only academic competence but also social awareness, emotional stability, creativity, leadership and other essential life skills.

Keywords : Co-scholastic achievement, NEP- 2020, Skill based education, SSA- Samagra

Shiksha Abhiyan

Economic justice remains one of the most important challenges in achieving sustainable development. Although many countries have introduced economic reforms and governance policies, inequality, social exclusion, and unequal access to opportunities continue to affect development outcomes. Existing theories explain different aspects of economic justice. Rawls focuses on fair distribution, Sen and Nussbaum emphasize human capabilities, while institutional scholars highlight the role of political institutions. However, these perspectives are often studied separately, making it difficult to understand how political systems translate justice into sustainable development. This paper argues that sustainable development depends not only on economic policies but also on the political capacity of the state to create fair institutions, protect rights, promote participation, and expand human capabilities. To address this gap, the paper introduces the Political Capability State (PCS) Framework, a new theoretical model that integrates political institutions, economic justice, democratic governance, and capability development into a single framework. The study adopts a conceptual research approach based on a critical review and synthesis of political science, governance, and sustainable development literature. The proposed framework explains how capable political institutions can create an environment where justice, participation, accountability, and inclusive economic opportunities reinforce one another to achieve sustainable development. The paper contributes by identifying political capability as the political mechanism linking economic justice and sustainable development, while providing a conceptual framework for future empirical research. It also provides useful insights for policymakers seeking to strengthen governance systems that promote inclusive and sustainable development.

Keywords: Political Capability State, Economic Justice, Sustainable Development, Political Institutions, Governance, Capability Approach, Democratic Participation, Inclusive Development

Although there have been many social reformers in Indian history, the reforms made by Ambedkar will always be remembered by the people of India.  Ambedkar was a great visionary who contemplated the freedom and life of every individual born in India. The fact that our country is currently governed in an orderly manner is due to the reforms introduced through the Constitution authored by Ambedkar. The fact that our country is currently governed in an orderly manner is due to the reforms introduced through the Constitution authored by Ambedkar. He stated that the future of the nation can be steered in the right direction only through education. The reforms he introduced for the marginalized sections of society brought about a transformation in India's social structures. The reforms introduced by Ambedkar for women—transcending caste and religious boundaries—are and will always remain worthy of appreciation by future generations. The reforms he introduced for the working class served to put a stop to the exploitation of labor. The reforms that Ambedkar brought to India, using the Constitution as a tool, serve as a guiding star—or a vessel—for the equality of the Indian people.

Keywords: Boundaries, Individual equality, Social justice, Constitution.