An Internationl Peer Reviewed

SCHOLARLY RESEARCH JOURNAL FOR INTERDISCIPLINARY STUDIES

Jul-Aug,2019, vol-7/52

Impact Factor: 6.371

ISSN: 2278-8808

Date: 2019-09-01

JULY-AUG 2019, SRJIS

CLOUD COMPUTING TRANSFORMING THE DYNAMICS OF TEACHING LEARNING PROCESS IN HIGHER EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS OF INDIA

Shazli Hasan Khan

Page No.: 12585 - 12602

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 Cloud computing is the next stage in the Internet\'s evolution, providing the means through which everything-----from computing power to computing infrastructure, applications, business processes to personal collaboration ----can be delivered. Cloud computing refers to manipulating, configuring, and accessing the applications online. It offers online data storage, infrastructure and application. The term "cloud computing" originated from the cloud metaphor and graphic that often represents the Internet on network diagrams, because cloud computing relies on applications and file storage that reside on a network: a local-are network, a district intranet, or the Internet itself. . The "cloud" in cloud computing can be defined as the set of hardware, networks, storage, services, and interfaces that combine to delivery aspects of computing as a service. Cloud services include the delivery of software, infrastructure, and storage over the Internet (either as separate components or a complete platform) based on user demand. Cloud computing offers many possibilities to developmental educators for its use, whether for communicating with students through social networking services like Face book, sending out updates via Twitter, providing online tutoring or having students collaborate on their writing using a wiki. Cloud computing has the potential to offer staff and students better services at a lower cost that the technology deployment models they are using now. The present research paper discusses about the models of cloud computing, application of cloud computing, benefits and disadvantages of cloud computing. The investigator also focuses upon the various challenges in implementation of cloud computing in higher education.
Keywords: Information technology, Cloud Computing, Higher Education, IaaS, PaaS, SaaS
 
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Aladwani, Adel M, (2012). "An integrated performance model of information systems projects", Journal of Management Information Systems, 19 (1), 82-91. Abdul Kalam, APJ (2014). IT Strategy in Defense Environment", DESIDOC Bulletin Information Technology, 20 (1&2), 7- 12. Augustson, J.G. (2002). Leading the IT team: Ultimate Oxymoron or ultimate challenge? EDUCAUSE Review, March/April 2002. Retrieved from http://net.educause.edu/ir/library/pdf/erm0220.pdf Bates, M (2017). Where should the person stop and the information search interface start? Information Processing & Management, 26 (5), 575-591. Belkin, N.J., & Robertson, S.E. (2016). Information Science and he Phenomena of information. Journal of the American Society for Information Science. 27(4), 197-204. Denning, P.J., & et al (2010). Computing as a discipline. Communication of the ACM. 32(1)23. Fox, A (2018). Cloud Computing in education. Berkeley iNews, http://inews. Berkeley.edu/articles/Spring 2009/cloud computing. Gita, A. & Zambuk, F.U. (2011). Cloud Computing: Solution to ICT in Higher Education in Nigeria, Advances in Amplified Science Research. 2(6), 364-369. Hayes, B (2018). Cloud Computing. Communications of ACM, 51 (7), 9-11. Jain, A. & Pandey, U.S. (2013). Role of Cloud Computing in Higher Education. International Journal of Advanced Research in Computer Science and Software Engineering. 3(7), 966-972. Vouk, M.A. (2008). Cloud Computing------Issues, Research and Implementations. Journal of Computing and Information Technology. 16 (4), 235-246.
TO DEVELOP THE GENERAL AWARENESS ABOUT GLOBAL WARMING AMONGST PRIMARY SCHOOL STUDENTS THROUGH DIFFERENT ACTIVITIES. (AN EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH)

Amit Vasantrao Deotale

Page No.: 12603 - 12611

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 Present paper deals with the awareness about Global Warming among the primary school students. As we know that today’s hot topic of whole world is Global Warming. due to global warming, we can see  many hazardous effects on environment. Our attitude towards the use of environmental resources must change. We must re-educate ourselves to treat the environment with greater caution & control. Primary level students are very small children but this is the stage in which we can teach them the value of environment and different activities of human being due to which such a dangerous problem like Global Warming is arises. This is the small effort of the researcher in which he tried to create awareness about Global warming at primary level through different activities.
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Attitude can only do Justice to Environmental Education”. University News, Vol. 45, No. 44, PP-87-88. Bhuveneswaralakshmi, G. & Sailaja, V. V. (2007) “TEACHERS WITH Positive Environmetal Marcy, Abraham & Arjuana, N. K. (2005) “Environmental Awareness and Interest of Secondary School Students in Relation to Their Environmental attitude”. Perspectives in Education, Vol.21, No. 2, PP- 100-105. http://www.birdlife.org/worldwide/programmes/climate-change?gclid=CjwKCAjwqZPrBRBnEiwAmNJsNsQfqB1PC1Clk2ebivnej8scAi_AAbvYY9bodLlX0o7A4y7OaZpyhRoCsu4QAvD_BwE https://www.bartleby.com/topics/Global-Warming-Essay https://www.jagranjosh.com/general-knowledge/global-warming-effects-and-causes-1455259211-1
ATTITUDE OF TEACHER TRAINEES TOWARDS CONTRIBUTION OF DISTANCE EDUCATION IN EDUCATION FIELD -A SURVEY

Amit Vasantrao Deotale

Page No.: 12612 - 12626

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 Present paper deals with the Importance of Distance Education. It is seen from the history of Indian Education system ,that in India When  the students wants to take education he has to reach to the teachers and there was also limitation of age group but now a days if anyone from any age group wants to take education, they can take education. This is only possible due to distance education. Many people are not aware about distance education mode of learning. so researcher tried to know the attitude of teacher trainees towards distance education .For this purpose researcher has created self made questionnaire in which he asked some questions which shows attitude of teacher trainees towards contribution of distance education in education field.
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www.wikipedia.com www.google.com https://www.google.co.in/search?source=hp&ei=nGNnXfmpB43b9QPs_L-gDg&q=Distance+education&oq=Distance+edu&gs_l=psy-ab.1.0.0l10.9888.14753..18952...0.0..0.458.3220.0j1j11j0j1......0....1..gws- wiz.....0..0i324j0i131j0i19.n1IJ0uVIDqc https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Distance_education https://www.google.co.in/search?ei=sGNnXaLzHIP7rQGezKWICQ&q=Distance+education+articles&oq=Distance+education+artical&gs_l=psy-ab.1.0.0i19j0i13i30i19j0i8i13i30i19l6.6342.10271..12376...0.2..0.299.1926.2-8......0....1..gws-wiz.......0i71j0i22i30i19j0i22i30.Kk9YzMs-wzY https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1877042812016850
A STUDY OF MULTIPLE INTELLIGENCE AMONG D.T.ED STUDENTS

Mrs. Taksha Shambharkar

Page No.: 12627 - 12640

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 Present paper deals with the Multiple Intelligence introduced by  Dr.  Howard Gardner. Dr. Howard Gardner introduced the theory in frames of minds and suggested that each individual possesses at least seven such relatively independent mental abilities of intelligence. Teachers and educators must take advantages of this multiplicity of the student’s intelligence so that all students have a chance to learn and to demonstrate what they have learned not just those who happen to be gifted with words and numbers. In the present paper Researcher tried to find out that whether  there is difference between Multiple Intelligence of girls and boys of  D.T.Ed students as they are somewhat of same age and same intelligent level.
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Sharma R.A., Dubey Shri, Psychological Foundation of Education Krishna and Barollia A. , Bhatnagar S. and Saxena A., Advanced Educational Psychology (2008) Mathur S.S. Educational Psychology (P-15), Terman Intelligence and its Measurement: A Symposium. Journal, Of Education Psychology, P. 127-133 (1921) Gardner Howard, “Can Technology exploit our many ways of knowing” (2009) The Hindu Education Plus, Bangalore. Jan. 31(2005) Bhakar S. and Mathur G. Cultural intelligence: An Essential Requirement in Globalize Business World, Psycho Lingua, Vol. 36 (1). (2009)
MAHATMA JYOTIRAO PHULE : SHAIKSHNIK DRUSHTIKON KI SAMAJIK BHUMIKA

Kavita N. Khobragade

Page No.: 12641 - 12666

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TALIBAN-US TALKS: THE FUTURE OF AFGHANISTAN AND IMPLICATIONS ON INDIAN SECURITY

Abhishek Kumar

Page No.: 12667 - 12673

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1. Taliban Author : Ahmed Rashid Yale University Press 2010. 2. The Taliban Phenomenon: Afghanistan 1994-1997 Author : Kamal Matinuddin Oxford University Press, 1999. 3. The Search for Peace in Afghanistan: From Buffer State to Failed State Author : Barnett R. Rubin, Director and Senior Fellow Center on Global Affairs Barnett R Rubin Yale University Press, 1995. 4.Afghanistan's Uncertain Transition from Turmoil to Normalcy Author : Barnett R. Rubin Council on Foreign Relations, 2006. 5.Afghanistan from the Cold War through the War on Terror Author : Barnett R. Rubin Oxford University Press, USA, 15-Mar-2013. 6.Afghanistan: A New History Author : Martin Ewans, Sir Ewans Psychology Press, 2002. 7.Pakistan on the Brink: The Future of America, Pakistan, and Afghanistan Author : Ahmed Rashid Penguin Publishing Group, 15-Mar-2012
VARDHA JILE KE VADAR SAMUDAY KI SAMAJIK - AARTHIK STITHI KA ADHYAYAN

Kavita N. Khobragade

Page No.: 12674 - 12687

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https://www.bookganga.com/eBooks/Books/Details/4773658078110300157 https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/vadar-samaj-history-vadar-samaj http://www.freepressjournal.in/mumbai/maharashtra-brings-more-castes-in
VARTMAN ME YOG KA MAHATWA

Priti Khode

Page No.: 12688 - 12690

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SHALEY STARAVAR SANGHIK ADHYAPAN VAPAR EK ABHYAS

Prof. Prakash A. Jagtap

Page No.: 12691 - 12695

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PERCEPTION OF UNDER GRADUATE STUDENTS ABOUT NEW EDUCATION POLICY (AN EMPIRICAL STUDY OF DISTRICT AGRA, UP)

Brijesh Kumar Sharma

Page No.: 12696 - 12700

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 Educational management helps us achieve our goal by identifying effective ways .Ministry of Science, higher education and Educational Organizations are some of the most important and widespread social organizations which hold the responsibility of selection and transmittance of values and custom to future generation. Educational Organization has direct influence not only on development of latent talents and increasing knowledge and abilities of students but also leads to an increase in national annual production and gross production of every country. With a profound look, we understand that education plays a remarkable role in every society in training children and future generation who are all the assets of a country. The conclusion of the research is that under graduate students are un-aware to educational policies and their educational rights.
Keywords: Educational policies, Perception, Educational Awarenwss, values and customs.
 
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Sharma, M. (2001).Student awareness against Educational Policies. Jaipur, India: Rawat Publications. Barner, P. D. (1981),Workspace: Creating environments in Universities. New York: Praeger Publishers. Harvey, L. (1995). Student satisfaction. The New Review of Academic Librarianship vol.1, 161-73. Henry, C. (2000). Planning without anxiety. School Planning and Management, 39(10),28-30 Stensaker, B. (2007). Quality as Fashion. Exploring the Translation of A Management Idea into Higher Education. Quality Assurance in Higher Education. Higher Education Dynamics vol. 20, 99-118
KEDARNATH APADA PRABHAVIT UCCHA PRATHAMIK VIDHYALAYON ME ADHYAYANRAT CHATRA - CHATRAO KE MANASIK DABAV KA UNAKI SHAIKSHIK UPLABDI PAR PADANE VALE KA ADHYAYAN

Shankar Singh, Prof. Rama Maikhuri & Anit Kaur

Page No.: 12701 - 12712

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Social sector plan status report Rudraprayag march 2014 www.rudraprayag.nic.in Social sector plan status report chamoli march 2014 www.chamoli.nic.in Social sector plan status report Pithoragarh march 2014 www.pithoragarh.nic.in National Institute of Disaster Management, Govt. Of India, New Delhi, 2013 (EM-DAT), retrieve from http://www.emdat.be. http://rudraprayag.nic.in http:// nidm.gov.in/PDF/pubs/ukd-p3.pdfs
A STUDY ON SOCIAL INTELLIGENCE OF STUDENT TEACHERS

Mrs. Shobha Jadhav

Page No.: 12713 - 12721

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 The study was intended to find the social intelligence of college students in Pune, Nashik and Ahmednagar districts of Maharashtra. Random Sampling Technique was used to compose a sample of  469 student teachers.  Mean, standard deviation and t value were calculated for the analysis of data. The result revealed that   overall status of social intelligence of the selected student teachers was ranged from low to average.                  
Keywords: Student teachers, social intelligence 
 
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Best, J.W.& Kahn JV, (2006), Research in Education New Delhi, Prentice Hall at India Gay L.R., Airasian peter (1996) Educational Research New Delhi, Prentice Hall of India Mangal S.K (2008), statistics in psychology & Education New Delhi, Prentice Hall of India Misra K.S.(2007), Emotional Intelligence: Concept, Measurement and Research Isk me path net/km education www.ejkm.com/issue/dounloud www.isk me org www.ktu.IT/IL/mokslas/zurnlai/inreka www.oecd.org/dataoecd/46/20 2074931, www.jhuccp.org/what wdo/projects. www.emeralsinsight.com/doi/abs/10.11.08/095135
BHARAT ME SAKH PRABADHAN EVAM AGRANI BANK YOJANA KA VISHLESHANATMAK ADHYAYAN

Jashoda & Ratnesh Chandra Sharma

Page No.: 12722 - 12725

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ENROLMENT PATTERN AND RETENTION STATUS OF MUSLIM MINORITY GIRLS AT PRIMARY STAGE

Prasamita Mohanty

Page No.: 12726 - 12741

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 Educating girls is equated with educating a family and so as educating a nation. Societies across globe though accord importance to education of girls, yet disparities and inequalities are noticed against girls and women.  Equality of educational opportunities is fundamental to national development. It is more pertinent in the context of education of Muslim girls who are away from the mainstream of development --being born as girl and grown up with minority status. Due to efforts made by the government in last decades through DPEP and SSA programmes, states have achieved certain targets successfully in terms of educating girls in general and marginalised girls in particular. Though access has been widened and enrolment pattern has moved upward yet retention and achievement of girls in general and Muslim girls in particular has become a major concern for all states in the country. In order to enable Muslim girls to draw maximum benefits from education system, enrolment, retention and achievement are equally important. Muslim girls need extra care and attention in terms of enrolment and supporting their retention at primary stage. Therefore, enrolment pattern and retention of Muslim girls have become major concerns for the society. A number of factors has been examined and identified as the potential correlates of enrolment and retention at primary stage. Studies conducted earlier though provide sufficient empirical evidences on enrolment and retention, hardly any systematic attempt is noticed in relation to enrolment pattern and retention of Muslim primary school girls. In order to give a fillip in the existing literature on education of Muslim girls, an attempt has been made to study enrolment pattern and retention status of Muslim girls at primary stage. The present study was carried out among 500 Muslim primary school girls in five Muslim Concentrated Districts of Uttar Pradesh. Results of the study revealed that there exists variation in admission pattern and age of enrolment of Muslim girls in primary classes. It is found that retention rate of Muslim girls in selected primary schools is below the satisfactory level and Parents’ wish is the single most factors responsible for retention of Muslim girls in all selected schools. Though schools and government have taken corrective measures in terms of encouraging enrolment pattern and retention rate, yet much ground is still left out to be explored where need for involvement of parents and community is highly warranted.  
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Aggarwal, Y.P.(1990) . Statistical Methods: Concepts, Application and Computation. Sterling Publishers Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi. Ahmad, I. (1981). “Muslim Educational Backwardness: An Inferential Analysis”, Economic and Political Weekly, Vol.16, No. 36, Sep.5, pp. 1457-1465. Ahmad, I. (1987). Educational Development of minorities in India, Journal of Educational Planning and Administration, NIEPA, New Delhi. Ahmed Imtiyaz (ed.) (1983)Modernization and Social Change among Muslims in India,Vikas Publishing House, New Delhi. Buch, M.B.(1974). First Survey of Research in Education. NCERT, New Delhi. Buch, M.B.(1979). Second Survey of Research in Education. NCERT, New Delhi. Buch, M.B.(1987). Third Survey of Research in Education. NCERT, New Delhi. Buch, M.B.(1988). A Study of Family Background Variables, some Motivational Variables, Cognitive Characteristics and School Performance of Primary School Children. Society for Educational Research Development, Baroda. Buch, M.B.(1991). Fourth Survey of Research in Education.NCERT, New Delhi. Chandrasekharaiah, K.(1969). Educational Problems of Scheduled Castes. Ph.D.(Soc.), Karnataka University. Chitra, J. Uma. et al.(1997). Psycho-Socio-Educational Factors of Scheduled Caste Students in Higher Secondary School. Indian Educational Abstracts, NCERT, New Delhi. Das, S.K. and Mohanty, P.( 2009). Education of Adolescent Girls: An Indian Perspective. Paper submitted for National Seminar On Adolescence Education scheduled for 25-27 February, 2009 at RIE(NCERT),Ajmer. Das, S.K. and Mohanty, P.(1995). Adolescent Girl and Education. Adolescent Girls: An Indian Perspective. MAMTA, Health Institute for Mother and Child, New Delhi. Dave, P.N.(1997). A Trend Report on Primary Education. Fifth Survey of Educational Research, Vol.1, NCERT, New Delhi. Deka, U.(1985). School Failure: A Casual Comparative Study of High and Low Achievers. Ph.D.( Edu.), Gauhati University. Nayar Usha ( 2007) An Analytical Study of Education of Muslim Women and Girls in India (with Summary & Recommendations). Siddiqui, M. K. A. (1998) Muslims in Free India: Their Social Profile and Problems, New Delhi:Institute of Objective Studies, p. 1and 48.
REPORTING A NEW SPECIES OF SENGA FARTADENSIS IN A FRESHWATER FISH MASTACEMBELUS ARMATUS FROM SOLAPUR DISTRICT

A. M. Fartade & Sandhya Salunkhe

Page No.: 12742 - 12750

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 The paper deals with the new species of the genus Senga fartadensis form freshwater fish M. armatus in Solapur district. The differentiating character of Senga fartadensis Sp. Nov. The differentiating character of Senga fartadensisSp.Nov.are scolex triangular No.of hooks 80-90 in number, neck present, testes are 250-305 in number, ovary is butterfly shape and bilobed.
Keywords: M. armatus, Senga fartadensis, Solapur.
 
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Bhure, D.B., Padwal, N.D. and Jadhav, B.V. (2007): A new tapewarm, Senga jadhavae n.sp. (Cestoda:Pseudophyllidae) from Mastacembelus armatus,Aurangabad (M.S.) India. Proc. Zool. Soc. of India. Vol. 6,No.2: 45-52. Deshmukh, R.A. and Shinde, G.B. (1980): On Senga khami (Cestoda: Ptychobothridae) from the freshwaterfish. Indian Jour. of Zoology (8): 1-2. Dollfus, R.P.H. (1934): Sur un cestode Pseudophyllidaeparasite de Poisson d’ Ornement. Boll. Soc. Zool.France. 59 : 476-490 Fernando, C.H. and Furtado, J.I. (1964): Helminth parasites of some Malavan freshwater fishes. Bulletin ofthe National Museum, State of Singapore, 32: 45-71. Furtado, J.E. and Chaulan, L. (1971): Two new helminth species from the fish, Channa micropeltes, CuvierOphicephalae) of Malaysia. Folia Parasit, Praba 18(4): 365. Hiware, C.J. (1999): On a new tapeworm Senga armatusae n.sp. from freshwater fish, Mastacembelus armatus at Pune (M.S.). Rivista Di Parasit. XVI (LX), No.1: 9-12. Jadhav, B.V., Bhure, D.B. and Padwal Nitin (2005): Asurvey of Cestode parasites of freshwater fishes from Pune and Ahmednagar District (M.S.) India. Proc. RecentTrends in Parasitology 30th. 48-51.
FAMILY TYPE AND GENDER: PREDICTOR OF RISK FACTOR EXTERNALIZING BEHAVIOR IN ELEMENTARY SCHOOL STUDENTS

Ashu Roulet & Seema Dhawan

Page No.: 12751 - 12767

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 Family is a unit of any society, which is formed either by consanguinity, affinity or co-residence, of people with similar culture. Families often love and care for its members and integrates people with common genetic sequence despite different living and thinking styles of individual. The most common families found in India are Joint and Nuclear. A nuclear family is most basic type of family which is often portrayed as happy and contended. A joint family is the one with all family members living together in co-operation, harmony and respect for each other. Despite personal differences they remain united before the community. Most of the time children learn behavioral patterns from their family environment. This research study tries to explore effect of family type and gender on behavior of students  studying  in  secondary  schools.  The  data  was  collected  from  five  randomly  selected development blocks of district Pauri Garhwal (Uttrakhand, India), through normative survey method. The findings show that family type plays an important role in shaping behavior of students. The students  living  in  nuclear  family  were  likely  to  exhibit  violent  and  destructive  behavior  and misbehavior with others. The gender differences were significant in exhibition of violent & destructive behavior, misbehavior, rebellious behavior and anti-social behavior. Boys exhibit more externalizing behavior than girls. The findings expose importance of joint families for rearing children in proper behavior. It also poses a threat to male children who are widely exposed to externalizing behavior and later indulge in delinquent activities.
Keywords: Externalizing behavior, Family type, Gender, Elementary school students
 
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Betz, C.L. (1995). ‘Childhood Violence; A Nursing Concern Issues in Comprehensive Pediatric Nursing’ 18(3), 149-161. Beyers, J.M., Bates J.E., Pettit, G.S., & Dodge, K.A. (2003). ‘Neighborhood Structure, Parenting Processes and the Development of Youth Externalizing Behaviors; A Multilevel Analysis’ American Journal of Community Psychology, 31, 35-53.
JANPADAKALIN MITHILA KA DHARMIK MAHATWA : EK VISHLESHAN

Rajeev Kumar

Page No.: 12768 - 12771

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YOGA AS A MEDIUM OF MORAL EDUCATION FOR TEACHER-TRAINEES

Sangeeta Pawar & Praveen Kumar Verma

Page No.: 12772 - 12779

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 Teachers are not only the disseminator of knowledge but are the potential architect of society who provide direction to the worthy citizens therefore, in order to facilitate moral development of personality and attitudes of students for healthy and peaceful living teacher-education programmes should focus on composite development of personality of teachers who are infused with a sense of compassion, love and affection, moral integrity and righteousness, dedication, self-reliance, discipline, punctuality, dutifulness and strong character. Guideline for NCFTE document 2010, identified need for developing professional and humane qualities in student-teachers and an inherent idea of integrating Yoga education for personality development of pupil-teachers through teacher education programmes, guided policy makers in significant manner  which is reflected in NCTE regulations, 2014 in form of creating new faculty position for providing Physical and Yoga education. A proper understanding of teachings and practice of Yoga will lead to the moral and character development among student-teachers. The present paper aimed to know the perceptions of prospective teachers on the need, significance and challenges of moral education in present day teacher-education programmes and implications of Yoga education for the moral development of teacher-trainees. The data were collected purposively through focus group discussion among a mixed group of fifty participants including teacher-trainees at B.Ed. level, prospective teacher educators at M.Ed. level and pre-Ph.D. scholars in education from Faculty of Education, Kumaun University, SSJ Campus, Almora. A qualitative analysis of the data revealed that Yoga education helps in integrating moral values and physical well-being besides promoting emotional stability, mental hygiene and high level of consciousness, overall personality development and academic growth among teacher-trainees. Participatory and self-learning approaches were suggested as significant practicum activities.
Keywords: Yoga education, Moral education, teacher-education programmes, teacher-trainees
 
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Dhoundiyal, V.R. & S. Pawar (2015). Spiritual and Yoga Education in Teacher Education Programmes. Research paper presented at International Conference on Spiritual and Yoga Education, 19-20 Dec, 2015, Vivek College of Higher Education, Bijnor. Jayakumar R., & R. Krishnakumar (2015). A perspective on yoga philosophy in teacher education. International Journal of Applied Research , 1(8), 506-508 Velea, S. & S. Farca (2013) Teacher’s responsibility in moral and affective education of Children.Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences .76, 863 – 867.
CHARACTERISTICS AND NORMS OF EPIC IN PASHTO AND DARI LANGUAGES (THE WORK OF ARTS)

Mia Walishah “Mia Khel” M.A.

Page No.: 12780 - 12785

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 This article is designed and written to provide you with an array of epics which will empower you with the essential information about them. In this article, preface is first which is followed by body. The body of the article provides you with essential information about epics; that is, introduces you with the principles and standards of epics with examples. Summary and references are the back of the article. So we can say thatepic is a long narrative poem, majestic both in theme and style. Epics deal with legendary or historical events of national or universal significance, involving action of broad sweep and grandeur. Most epics deal with the exploits of a single individual, thereby giving unity to the composition. Typically, an epic includes several features: the introduction of supernatural forces that shape the action; conflict in the form of battles or other physical combat; and stylistic conventions such as an invocation to the Muse, a formal statement of the theme, long lists of the protagonists involved, and set speeches couched in elevated language. Common place details of everyday life may appear, but they serve as background for the story and are described in the same lofty style as the rest of the poem. The Greeks distinguished epic from lyric poetry, both by its nature and its manner of delivery; lyric poetry expressed more personal emotion than epic poetry and was sung, whereas epic poetry was recited .Epic poems are not merely entertaining stories of legendary or historical heroes; they summarize and express the nature or ideals of an entire nation at a significant or crucial period of its history. Examples include the ancient Greek epics by the poet Homer, the Iliad and the Odyssey. The characteristics of the hero of an epic are national rather than individual, and the exercise of those traits in heroic deeds serves to gratify a sense of national pride. At other times epics may synthesize the ideals of a great religious or cultural movement.
Keywords: Epic, Characteristics and Norms of Epic, Historical Significance of Epic, Epic versus Lyric Poems, Epic Structure. 
 
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Afgahni, N.A. (2012). Dari- Pashto Dictionary. Peshawar: Mehan Publication. Mashwani, A. Q. (2008). A Collections of Khushal Khan’s Poems. Kabul: Danish Printing. Momand, Q. (1994). Daryab. Lahor: Omid Printers. Noori, M.G. (2013). National Mirror. Kabul: Kayinat Translation and Research Center. Sahib, A. Z. (2015). Epic of Gilgamesh. Nangarhar: Momand Publication. Shamisa, S. (2008). Literary Types. Iran: National Library of Iran. Shinwari, D. (2013). Basics of Literature Theory. Jalalabad: Yar Publication. Tughyan, S. M.Y. (2014). Poem in Dari. Iran: Saeed Publication. Zahid, A. Q. (2006). Pashto-Pashto Dictionary. Peshawar: Danish Publication.
FEMINISM AND THE NORTHERN NIGERIAN MALE WRITERS: A CASE STUDY OF GIMBA’S SACRED APPLES

Inuwa Mahmud & Rabiu Salisu Rabiu

Page No.: 12786 - 12796

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 The paper explores feminist tendencies among the northern Nigerian male novelists and uses Gimba’s Sacred Apples as a representative study to depict how male novelists champion the cause of women liberation. Feminist theory is used in the analysis of the primary text. From the onset feminism has been and still is the way forward for the emancipation of women from male subjugation and this suggests social freedom that ensured equal treatment of all sexes. The findings revealed that there is growing gender consciousness among the northern Nigerian male writers of the three generations discussed in the paper. Because instead of the female authors, it is the male writers who are portraying the ways in which the patriarchal male dominated society of the northern Nigerian region oppresses women.
Keywords: Sacred Apple, Feminism, Literature, Novelist, Text  
 
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Alkali, M. (2007). “Regional Angler in Abubakar Gimba’s Feminist’s Novels” in S, Abdu and M. Bhadmus (eds). The Novel Tradition in Northern Nigeria. Kano: Bayero University. Pp.122-144. Alkali, Z. (1984). The Stillborn. Lagos: Longman. Alkali. Z. (2005). The Descendants. Zaria: Tanaza.
ENHANCING PROBLEM-SOLVING SKILLS OF STUDENTS THROUGH ACTIVITY BASED SCIENCE TEACHING: AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY

Meenakshi & Jasim Ahmad

Page No.: 12797 - 12810

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 The classroom learning should be such which may develop the required skills and fulfil the needs of the 21st century learners. Our education policies are aimed at achieving these need-based objectives of the society, favors the development of skills which are essential for the future, though they are not effectively implemented in our classroom. UNESCO has also identified the essential skills which are required in the 21st century. Problem solving skill is one among them which has become not only important but also has grown more and more imperative for our society. This study tried to fill the gap between what is needed and what is happening in the development of such an important skill. For this an intervention program was developed that was Problem Solving skill embedded task-basedclassroom activities. The aim of the study was to show the effect of an intervention program that includes classroom-task based activities on the development of problem solving skill among elementary class students. This study reveals how to develop problem solving skill with the help of activity-based science learning. The study was conducted on 70 students (35 experimental group & 35 control group) belonging to 8th grade studying in an English medium public school in Ghaziabad district. The study was conducted in the year 2018-19. It was a quasi-experimental design with non-equivalent groups and pretest- posttest design, where two intact sections were taken as a control group and experimental group. The experimental group was taught through the intervention program and the control group was taught through the traditional teaching method. After analyzing the data, it was found that activity-based science learning positively effects in developing problem-solving skill among students of elementary class. It was also found that gender doesn\'t create any differences in the development of problem-solving skills.
Keywords: Problem solving skill, Activity based learning
 
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Abdullah, N. I., Tarmizi, R. A., & Abu, R. (2010). The effects of problem based learning on mathematics performance and affective attributes in learning statistics at form four secondary level. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 8, 370-376. Achilles, C.M., & Hoover, S.P. (1996). Exploring problem-based learning (PBL) in grades 6- 12. ERIC Document Reproduction Service (ED 406 406). Adu-Febiri, F. (2002), Thinking Skills In Education:Ideal and Real Academic Cultures. CDTL Brief, 5, Singapore Ntional University of Singapore. Agarwal &Gutpa, (2000). Effect of activity based instructional material on academic achievement of elementary students. Bain,K.(2004),”what the best college teachers do”, Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press Barron, B., Schwartz, D., Vye, N., Moore, A., Petrosino, A., &Zech, L. (1998). Doing with understanding: Lessons from research on problem- and project-based learning. Journal of the Learning Sciences, 7(3-4), 271-311.
DETERMINANTS OF BEAR MARKET PERFORMANCE: ACASE OF THE NAIROBI SECURITIES EXCHANGE IN KENYA

Fredrick Okeyo Ogilo

Page No.: 12811 - 12827

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 This study sought to establish the determinants of bear market performance by taking a survey of investors at the Nairobi Securities Exchange. Convenient sampling technique was used to administer questionnaires to 500 retail investors as they conducted business through stock brokers. Data was analyzed by the use of descriptive statistics and correlation analysis was carried out to determine the relationship between the variables. ANOVA test at five percent level of significance was used to determine the relationship between the dependent and independent variables. A multiple regression model was employed to analyze the independent variables and their effect on bear market performance. The Pearson Moment correlation analysis showed that bear market performance was weakly associated with transaction costs and mobilization of resources by retail investors. The study recommends that further research should be carried out on the economic cycle and its influence on bear market performance.
Keywords: Bear Market, Transaction cost; Mobilization of resources by Retail Investors.
 
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Aora, H. &Buza, M. (2009). United States Economy &The Stock market. Journal of Business and Economics Research, 1(1), 107 – 116. Barsky, R. (2009). Why Does the Stock market fluctuate? Quarterly Journal of Economics, 18(6), 815 – 815. Burke, T. (2012). Risks and Reputation: The Economic Transaction Costs. Journal of Corporate Chordia, M. (2007). Trading Activity and Expected Stock Returns. Journal of Financial Economics, 59(3), 3 – 32. Creswell, J. (2009). Research Design: Qualitative, Quantitative, and Mixed Methods Approaches (3rded.). New York, NY: Sage Publications. Fiona, M. (2010).The Impact of Partisan Changes and Electoral Institutions on Stock Market Outcomes in Advanced Democracies. Journal ofApplied Economics, 22(3), 109 – 126. Gann, G. (2010). Market Making and reversal on the Stock Exchanges. Journal of the American Statistical Association, 61(4), 897 – 916.
PIDIT MAHILANCHE VYAKTIMATWA ANI SAMAYOJAN

Sukanya P. Bhate

Page No.: 12828 - 12833

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PHYSICAL SCIENCE WILL BE CONCRETE THROUGH EFFECTIVE USE OF VISUAL AIDS

G. Sathi Reddy & Prof. L. K. M. Baburao Chowdary

Page No.: 12828 - 12833

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Abowd G. D, (1999). Classroom 2000: an experiment with the instrumentation of a living educational environment, IBM Systems Journal, v.38 n.4, p.508-530 Adeyanju, J. L. (2003)Teachers Perception of the Effects and Use of Learning Aids in Teaching: A Case Study of Wi nneba Basic and Secondary Schools in Ghana. Retrieved from internet www.google.com on 10th July 2008 Best, W. John, Kahn, V. James Research in Eduication, Seventh edition , New Delhi:Prentice-hall of India, 2001 Chauhan S (1979). Innovations in Teaching-Learning Process New Delhi: Vikas Publishing House Pvt. Ltd.p-52 Edgar, Dale, 1969. Audio-visual Methods in Teaching 3rd ed. New York Holt Dryden. Mangal, S.K Fundamentals of Educational Technology, Ludhiana; Prakash Brothers publications, 1995 Waheed T and Rasheed K (1993). Teaching of Science, Ilmi kitab khana , Urdu bazaarLahore, p.2-15.
IMPACT OF SCHOOL ENVIROMENT ON THE EMOTIONAL COMPETENCE OF ADOLESCANT

Mr. Ajaydeep

Page No.: 12834 - 12839

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Chauhan, S.S. (1996). Advanced Educational Psychology. New Delhi. Vikas Publishing House Pvt. Ltd. Misra, K.S. (1984). Manual to School Environment Inventory. Agra. National Psychological Corporation. Mangal, S.K. (2003). Advanced Educational Psychology. New Delhi. Prantice Hall of India Pvt. Ltd. Pathan, Y.G. (2004). Emotional Intelligence of Secondary Teachers. New Delhi. Prantice Hall of India Pvt. Ltd. Rani, A. (2003). Impact of Home and School Environment on Educational Aspiration level of 10th Class Students. Rajamanickam, M. (2004). Journal of Community Guidance and Research. Vol. 21 , No. 2, Neelkamal Publication.
INFLUENCE OF STUDENT BASED FACTORS ON EDUCATIONAL WASTAGE IN PUBLIC SECONDARY SCHOOLS IN MBOONI WEST SUB-COUNTY, MAKUENI COUNTY, KENYA

Anthony, A. Nthangu, Kimiti, Richard Peter & Prof. Robert Arasa

Page No.: 12840 - 12846

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 The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of student based factors on educational wastage in public secondary schools in Mbooni West Sub County, Makueni County. Descriptive survey design was adopted in the study. The target population was 41 public secondary schools. The stratified random sampling technique was used to select a sample of 15 principals, 15 academic deans and 15 form three class teachersgiving a total of 45 respondents. Data was collected using questionnaires and document analysis. Quantitative data was analyzed through descriptive statistics using SPSS and qualitative data was analyzed through content analysis. The findings of the study established that student based characteristics significantly influence educational wastage in public secondary schools in Mbooni West Sub-County. The researcher recommends that public secondary schools management in Mbooni West Sub County be sensitizedon educational wastage to improve efficiency and guidance and counseling to be strengthened to curb wastage.
Keywords: Educational wastage, student based factors and public secondary schools.
 
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Ajayi, I.A. &Mbah, G.U. (2008). Trend of Educational Wastage Rate in EkitiState Public Primary Schools; 2000-2006. Humanity and Social Sciences Journal, 3(2), 97-103. Burton, B. A., Ray, G. E & Mehta, S. (2003). Children’s evaluation of peer influence: the roleof relationship and social situation., New York: Buffalo Publishing House. Carter, B., &McGoldrick, M. (2005).The expanded life cycle: Individual, family, and social perspectives (3rd ed). Needham Heights, MA: Allyn& Bacon.Commission Staff Dougherty, K. J., &Hammack, F. M. (1990). Education and Society,Washington DC: HarcourtBrace Jovanovich.
INFLUENCE OF FAMILY FINANCIAL STATUS ON FEMALE STUDENTS’ RETENTION IN PUBLIC SECONDARY SCHOOLS IN MUKAA SUB-COUNTY, KENYA

Jacinta w. Nzina, Kimiti, Richard Peter & David M. Mulwa

Page No.: 12847 - 12857

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  Family financial status has been highlighted as of great importance in influencing the retention of female students in secondary schools globally.  Thus the objective of this study was to establish the extent to which family financial status influence female students’ retention in public secondary school in Mukaa Sub-county, Kenya. The study was guided by the Systems Theory of Management. The study employed descriptive survey research design. The target population of the study comprised of 37 principals, 50 form four class teachers and 1,240 form four female students in public secondary schools in Mukaa Sub-county. Questionnaires and documentary analysis were used to collect the data. The quantitative data was coded and entered using SPSS version 24 computer software. Descriptive statistics specifically, percentages and frequencies were used for analyze data.  The results of the study revealed that family financial status influence female students’ retention to a great extent as indicated by 72.7% of the teachers and 54.5% of the principal respondents. Based on  the study findings, it was concluded that most female students drop out of school because of their parents’ poor financial status This study recommends that the  Government of Kenya should review bursary policies for needy students and increase funding in secondary schools, communities should be empowered to alleviate poverty and enable families’ increase their income, Parents should be sensitized to fully understand the importance of completion of secondary education and school administrators should strengthen guidance and counseling department in secondary schools.
Keywords: Female students and Socio-economic factors. 
 
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Adrian, M. (2010). Challenges to transitions; The sex preference in financing Educational opportunities among communities. AUNDP Publication report. Nairobi, Kenya. Amanda, H. (2009). The unique needs of the girls and persons with disability in Assessing life-long Education in Africa. World Vision; Kampala. Brown, and park (2010). Benefits of Girl child Education. Beijing Lau and Jin. Chacha, C. (2012). Parameters of Access, Transition and retention of Girls, Across Educational levels. Nairobi. Colclought, C., Al-samaria, s., Rose, P and Tembo, M. (2003). Achieving Schooling For all in commitment and Gender. England: Ashgate publishing Ltd. Drewry, J.A. (2007). High School Dropout Experience; A social capital perspective. USA: Blacksburg, VA.
IMPACTOF CURRICULUM SUPPORT MATERIALS ON QUALITY OF CURRICUM IMPLEMENTATION IN MAKUENI COUNTY, KENYA

Rose M. Kaindi & Kimiti Richard Peter

Page No.: 12858 - 12867

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 The availability of curriculum support materials plays a great role on the quality of the implementation process. This purpose of this study was to examine types and availability of curriculum support materials acquired through Free Secondary Education Tuition Fund and their effects on quality of curriculum implementation in Makueni County. The study was based on the classroom instruction theory. The study applied mixed research design. The target population was all the public secondary schools in Makueni County, the principals, form 4 class teachers and form four students. A sample of 38 principals, 210 form four class teachers and 346 form four students giving a total of 594 respondents was used for this study. The public secondary schools were sampled through stratified random sampling. Purposive sampling was used in selecting the principals while the form four class teachers and form four students were selected using simple random sampling. The study used three research instruments; questionnaires for form four class teachers and students, interview schedules for the principals and observation checklist.Data was analyzed using both qualitative and quantitative methods. The results of the study revealed that there were several types of curriculum support materials found in public secondary schools which were purchased using the Free Secondary Education Tuition Fund. However, most of the textbooks supplied by the government were of poor quality. In addition, the study revealed that there was a strong relationship between the availability of curriculum support materials and the quality of curriculum implementation. Based on these findings, the study recommends that the government should have a clear policy that will guarantee good quality ofthe curriculum support materials and in particular the textbooks supplied to the public secondary schools. In addition, the government should ensure equity in the distribution of textbooks in all schools and across the subjects.
Keywords: availability, curriculum support materials and quality of curriculum implementation
 
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Almpanis, T. (2016).Using a mixed methods research design in a research investigating the ‘Heads of e-Learning’ perspective towards technology enhanced learning.Electronic Journal of e-Learning, 14(5), 301-311. Andambi, R &Kariuki, B(2013), The effect of use of learning resources in TeachingSocial Education and Ethics in Bugoma District, Kenya Journal of emerging trends in Educational Research and Policy Studies (JETERAPS) 4(1): 157-163. Chiriswa, P. (2012). An investigation into the Probable Factors Responsible for Poor Education (KCSE) in Vihiga District of Western province, Kenya, MLD Kenyatta university Kenya. Dahar, M.A &Faize, F.A (2011).Effects of the availability and the Use of Instructional Material on Academic Performance of Students in Punjab(Pakistan). Euro journals Publishing inc.2012. Kanyora, W.M (2014). School Based Factors influencing completion of Education among public school students in Mukurweini District, Nyeri County. Unpublished Med project, University of Nairobi.
APPLICABILITY OF COMPETENCE BASED EDUCATION AND TRAINING CURRICULUM AND ACQUISITION OF EMPLOYABLE SKILLS AMONG VISUALLY IMPAIRED LEARNERS IN TVET INSTITUTIONS IN KENYA

Priscillah Nduku Mutua, Richard Kimiti & David Mulwa

Page No.: 12868 - 12882

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 According to the Kenyan Vision 2030,Technical and Vocational Education play a pivotal role in the social and economic development of a country. The objective of this study was todetermine the influence of competence based education and training curriculum on acquisition of employable skills among visually impaired learners in TVET institutions in Kenya.The study applied a mixed methods research design. The study targeted 2 principals, 20 heads of departments, 70 trainers, 150 visually impaired learners and graduates of Machakos Technical Institute for the Blind and Sikri Technical Training Institute for Deaf-Blind, 2 Ministry of Education officials in charge of TVET, Curriculum Development Accreditation and Certification Council officials, 3 Ministry of Labour officials, 10 members of civil society groups and 5 managers of industries.  A census of the principals and trainers was taken while purposive sampling was used to sample the rest of the respondents. Primary data was collected using questionnaires, interview schedules, focused group discussion guide and observation checklists. Quantitative data was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics while qualitative data was analyzed using content analysis.The study found that applicability of CBET curriculum positively and significantly influenced the acquisition of employable skills among the visually impaired learners in TVET institutions in Kenya. The study further found out that core competencies as stipulated in the curriculum were the most challenging competencies to impart to the visually impaired learners when compared to basic and common competencies. This supported by the finding that quite a number of learners in the institutes were not declared competent at the end of their course work.The study therefore concluded that the level of acquisition of employable skills among the visually impaired learners in TVET institutions was considerably affected by the level of applicability of the CBET curriculum. The study recommends that curriculum developers should allocate more time for learning for thevisually impaired learnersas this could perfect their competencies and adaptation of the curriculum to meet their needs and consider their difficulties.
Keywords: Applicability, competence based education and training curriculum, employable skills, visually impaired learners.
 
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Abban, C., & Quarshie, J. (2016). Integrated skills training for self-employment: The case of Ghana. In Grierson, J.P. &Mckenzie I. (Eds): Training for self-employment through vocational training institutions. Turin, Italy: ILO International Training Centre. Adeboyeje, R.A. (2000). Management of school physical facilities. Ibadan: Foundation Publications. Ajayi, A.O. (1999). Facilities management: Factors influencing the role of Nigerian Estate Surveyors. University of Lagos, Nigeria. Anane, C.A. (2013). Competency based training: Quality delivery for technical and vocational education and training (TVET) institutions. Educational Research International, 2(2), 117- 127.
ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT OF SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS IN RELATION TO METACOGNITIVE ABILITY AND SOCIO-ECONOMIC STATUS

Paramjit Singh & Sukhwinder Singh

Page No.: 12883 - 12891

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 Education helps the people to become more knowledgeable about the world, more sensitive and understanding of their relationship to it, and more eager to contribute to the civilising process. Besides other factors, socio-economic status is one of the most researched and debated factor among educational professionals that contribute towards the academic performance of students. Along with this, another important factor which influences the academic achievement is the metacognitive ability of students.The present study was undertaken to study academic achievement of secondary school students in relation to metacognitive ability and socio-economic status. A sample of 200 students was selected from10+1 commerce grade from different schools of Amritsar district by using random sampling technique. The data was collected by using Metacognitive Ability Inventory(Govil, 2011), Socio- Economic Status (Upadhyay & Saxena,2008) and marks of students in 10th grade were taken astheir academic achievement.A significant difference was found in the mean score of Academic Achievement, Metacognitive Ability and Socio-Economic Status with respect to gender wherein girls scored high on these variables than their counterparts. Also, a positive and significant relationship was found between Academic Achievement with Metacognitive ability as well as Socio-Economic Status of secondary school students.The results were used to suggest ways for improving academic achievement by using metacognitive ability.
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Annevirta, T., &Vauras, M. (2006). Developmental changes of metacognitive skills in elementary school children. The Journal of Experimental Education, 7(3), 197-225. Attri, &Neelam.(2013). Academic anxiety and achievement of secondaryschool students–A study on gender differences. International Journal of Behavioral Social and Movement Sciences,2(1), 27-33. Bala, P &Shaffiu, K.Q.(2016). Academic achievement of secondary school students in relation to their problem solving ability and examination anxiety. The International Journal of Indian Psychology,3(4),138-154. Bandhana and Sharma, Darshana P. (2012). Home environment, mental health and academic achievement among higher secondary school students. International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications, 2(5), 1-4. Battista, M. T. (1990). Spatial visualization and gender differences in high school geometry. Journal for Research in Mathematics Education, 21(1), 47-60.
JOURNEY OF ENGLISH LANGUAGE IN INDIAN EDUCATIONAL POLICY

Vijay Dhamane

Page No.: 12892 - 12896

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 In India, English is a symbol of people\'s aspirations for quality in education and its participation in national and international life. Therefore, undoubtedly learning of English has important place in education policy and framework from 1968 to 2019. The visible indicator of this is that today teaching of English is being demanded by many to be taught at the very initial stage of schooling. In this paper researcher have studied and briefly presented about the Indian education policies in the view of English language teaching and learning. 
Keywords: Indian Educational Policy, National Curriculum Framework, Three language formula, Pedagogical structure.
 
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National Policy of Education 1968 ministry of human resourcesDevelopment, Government of India New Delhi https://mhrd.gov.in/sites/upload_files/mhrd/files/document-reports/NPE-1968.pdf National Curriculum Framework 1986 (As modified in 1992) Department of Education, Ministry of Human Resource development, Government of India, New Delhi. http://www.ncert.nic.in/oth_anoun/npe86.pdf National Curriculum Framework for School Education 2000Ministry of human resources development, Government of India, New Delhi. http://www.ncert.nic.in/html/pdf/schoolcurriculum/ncfsc/ncfsc.pdf National Curriculum Framework 2005Ministry of human resources development,Government of India, New Delhi
EFFECTIVENESS OF COOPERATIVE LEARNING STRATEGIES ON ACHIEVEMENT & EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE OF STUDENTS

Kailas Sahebrao Daundkar

Page No.: 12897 - 12904

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 Emotional intelligence is the ability or tendency to perceive, understand, regulate and harness emotions adaptively in self and in others. It includes the ability to understand and regulate others as well as own emotions. The thinking, feeling and action of modern man are practically guided by the effect of science. An attempt is being made to assess an existing status regarding the cooperative learning strategies as well as to develop the program of cooperative learning Strategies and find out the effectiveness on Emotional Intelligence of 8th standard student. The objective of the research to develop cooperative learning program for general science subject of 8th standard student and find its effectiveness on Achievement and Emotional Intelligence of students. Multi-method research was adopted. By using product development method Researcher developed cooperative learning program for Science subject of 8th standard students. Researcher used Experimental method with equivalent group design and conducted posttest by using Researcher made Achievement Test and Emotional Intelligence scale of Anukul Hyde, Sanjyot Pethe and Upindar Dhar (2002). Data analyzed using t test after normality test were conducting using SPSS program.so study concluded that researcher developed program of cooperative learning Strategies is useful to improve the Achievement and Emotional Intelligence of primary level students.
Keywords: Cooperative learning Strategies, Emotional Intelligence.
 
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Alberta Education. (n. d.) Instructional Strategies. Retrieved on Nov. 05, 2016 from https://education.alberta.ca/media/482311/is.pdf Asthana, B., Srivasrava, V. and Asthana, N. (2011). Research Methodology. Agra: Agrawal Publications. Audrey, M. Q. (2006). A complete Guide to Rubrics. USA: Rowman & littlefield Eductaion: Best J. W., & Kahn J. V. (2012). Research in Education (10th ed.). New Delhi; PHI Learning Private LTD. Bruce J., Marsha W., & Emily C. (2011). Models of Teaching (8th ed.). New Delhi; PHI Learning Private ltd. Chellamani, K., & Nair, S. (June 2012). Integration of Constructivism with digital Port folio, Edutracks, vol.12, No. 1. Khan, S. H. (Sep 2014). Constructivism: An innovative teaching Method in Science, Edutracks, vol.14, No. 12.
RATE OF INTEREST AND CONSUMER PRICE INDEX: AN INDIAN EXPERIENCE

R. M. Bahlerao & Mr. Manikandan N. Iyer

Page No.: 12905 - 12917

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 The following research paper brings about prominent features of different inter-related concepts of rate of interest, rate of inflation, bank rate and monetary policy. Recently, Reserve Bank of India (RBI) has adopted inflationary targeting approach. Prior to inflationary targeting approach, RBI considered Wholesale Price Index (WPI) as the measure of headline inflation. However, internationally, Consumer Price Index (CPI) is used as a measure of headline inflation. Wholesale Price Index (WPI) is also associated with many limitations while measurement of inflation. As a result, Central Statistical Office (CSO) has introduced a new concept of measurement of CPI called Consumer Price Index-Combined includes all Indian rural and urban households.
This research paper uses Granger causality Test. This test is widely used in Econometrics to study the time series data. The test results shows that whenever there is change in the Consumer Price Index, it brings about a significant change in the rate of interest.
Keywords: Fractional-Reserve Banking, Quantity theory of money, Granger causality, Wholesale Price Index (WPI), Consumer Price Index (CPI), Price Stability, Monetary Policy, Bank Rate, Inflation
 
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Samanta GP, Mitra S. Recent divergence between wholesale and consumer prices in India- A statistical exploration. RBI Occasional Papers; 1998 Walter Enders, 2008. Applied Econometric Time Series. Shunmugam V. Causality links between CPI and WPI- An econometric exploration. Multi Commodity Exchange of India Ltd.; 2009. PMid: 19821725 PMCid: PMC2832653 Subbarao D. Inaugural address: 3rd annual statistics day conference. RBI Bulletin; 2010 Hatekar, N.R., 2010. Principles of Econometrics: An Introduction (using R). SAGE Publications India.
KRIDA KA MANOVIDNYAN

Dheeraj Kumar

Page No.: 12918 - 12922

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Johnson H.M.; Sociology : A Systematic Introduction, of Sport, Macmillan Co. New York. Durkheim Emile; Education and Philosophy, The Free Press Glencoe, Illinoise, 1959. Cooley C.H.; Human Nature and the Social order, Charles Scribner’s & Sons (Pvt. Ltd.), New York, 1902, p.184. Mead J.H. ; Mind, Self and Society, University of Chicago Press, Chicago, 1934, p.177. Donomoryov N.J.; Sport and Society, Progress Publ. Moscow, 1981, p.172. Ibid, p.172.
AWARENESS AND KNOWLEDGE OF SOCIAL LEGISLATIONS AMONG RURAL WOMEN

U. V. Singh

Page No.: 12923 - 12929

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 India is a complex country. We have, through centuries, developed various types of customs, traditions and practices. These customs and traditions, good as well as bad, have become a part of our society’s collective consciousness. We worship female goddesses; we also give great importance to our mothers, daughters, sisters, wives and other female relatives or friends. But at the same time, Indians are also famous for treating their women badly both inside and outside their homes. Indian society consists of people belonging to almost all kinds of religious beliefs. In every religion women are given a special place and every religion teaches us to treat women with respect and dignity. But somehow the society has so developed that various types of ill practices, both physical and mental, against women have become a norm since ages. For instance, sati pratha, practice of dowry, parda pratha, female infanticide, wife burning, sexual violence, sexual harassment at work place, domestic violence and other varied kinds of discriminatory practices; all such acts consists of physical as well as mental element. Therefore, the concept of women empowerment not only focuses on giving women strength and skills to rise above from their miserable situation but at the same time it also stresses on the need to educate men regarding women issues and inculcating a sense of respect and duty towards women as equals. In the present write-up we will try to describe and understand the concept of Women Empowerment in India in all its dimensions. Women empowerment in simple words can be understood as giving power to women to decide for their own lives or inculcating such abilities in them so that they could be able to find their rightful place in the society.
Key-Words: self-worth, opportunities, economic order institutional provisions, Social Legislation.
 
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Anand Sudhir, S. (2006) Indian Judiciary & Social Justice, Publish Research Paper, A Journal of Asia for Democracy & Development, A Quarterly Journal of Social Sciences, Morena (M.P.). Chandani A.K. (2009) Impact of Globalization on Social Justice; with special reference to India, Bhim Prakashan Jalandhar (Punjab). Indra Deo (2005) Indian Democracy and Social Justice, Patna Publ., Patna (Bihar). Tagore Rajendra (2009) Indian Constitution & Social Justice, A Journal of Asia for Development & Democracy, Vol. IX(1), p. 182-187. Tahia Bano (1997) Indian Judiciary & Social Justice : An Empirical Study, Sophia & Sophia Publishers, Aligarh.
73 VE SAVIDHAN SANSHODHAN KE PASHCHAT GRAMIN MAHILAO KA RAJNAITIK SASHKTIKARAN : JANAPAD MIRJAPUR U. P. KE VISHESH SANDHARBH ME

Kairo Kant Ujala

Page No.: 12930 - 12934

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WOMEN’S EDUCATION: KEY TO EMPOWERMENT

Shakera Parveen

Page No.: 12935 - 12941

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 Education is a basic imperative for any country aspiring to become a great nation. Women’s Education is the foundation stone, since upon her rests, mainly the growth of a child into a man/woman who will become an asset for his/her community and nation. In today’s milieu, education is the stepping stone to power. Whether man or woman, education is the primary pathway to empowerment, through upward economic mobility to higher social status.
Education is a prerequisite for empowering women. Empowerment of women means developing them as more aware individuals who are politically active economically independent and is able to make inform choices and intelligent decisions in matters that affect them and their nation. Education inspires people to advance on all fronts. It helps individuals to be more aware of their constitutional and legal rights and of the opportunities available for them to make their lives better. Education also helps people evolve as workers, citizens and human beings
It is important in this respect to bring women into the mainstream of education and empower them, so that society benefits from their education. Women have been long neglected in their role as beneficiaries of the process of development. Though they constitute a huge chunk of the population, their contribution to development in society is often undermined. However in recent times gender has been increasingly viewed as a principle underlying the distribution of resources in the households as well as in society. Women’s education is all the more important because of the special problem that women face today. Gender bias in social, educational and political fields is still manifests in many civilized societies of the world.
The empowerment of women is not a reaction to hit back at the system and reversing the gender discrimination but is a systematic approach to increase meaningful participation in the process of development. For this endeavour, education is the most effective tool. Education will bring women’s empowerment by bringing self esteem, self confidence, building a positive image of women by recognizing their contribution to the society, polity and the economy, developing ability to think critically, speeding up decision making and action through collective process, enhancing access to legal literacy, regarding rights, opportunities, encouraging economic independence and most importantly is ensuring equal participation in development process.
This paper highlights the importance of education which is the key to empower women.
Keywords:  women education, University’s Role, empowerment
 
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(2002) some strategic efforts towards the empowerment of women, Vashishtha, K.C and Malik, Shashi, University News, Volume 40, no:5, Feb-10 p.p 12-14 (2002) ‘Education of the Women’, Sudhakar, Rohini, University News, volume 40, no:35, p.p. 14 (2001) ‘The role of University in empowering women’, Khandai, Hemanta , University News, volume 39, no:6, Feb-5, p.p. 9-11 (2001) Technology education and the Indian women, Singh Nisha, University News, vol.39, no:10, March 5, p.p. 15 (2000) ‘Pathway to empowerment’, Kameshwaran, Lalitha, University News, vol.38, no:10, p.p. 15 Agrawal, S.P. and Agrawal J.C. (2000) – Ed., second Historical survey of women’s education, concept publishing company, pg. 201 Sahay, Sushma (1998) – Ed., ‘Women and Empowerment approaches and strategies, discovery publishing house New Delhi, pg. 37 and 12 www.google.co.in/women+employment retrieved on 12th February 2016 at 9.50pm
CONSTRUCTION AND DEVELOPMENT OF EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE SCALE FOR THE TEACHERS OF SECONDARY SCHOOL

Chetankumar, D. & N. P. Shahapur

Page No.: 12942 - 12949

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Aron, A. M., Milicic, N. (2000). School social climate. Revista Latinoamercana de Psicologia, 32(3), 447-466. Bakker, A. B., Schaufeli, W. B. (2000). Emotional intelligence of school students. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 30(11), Pp. 2289-2308.\ Cooper, C.L., Dewe, P.J., and O’Driscoll, M.P. (2001). Organizational stress: A review and critique of theory, research and application. New York: Sage Publication. Goleman, D. (1995a). Emotional intelligence: Why it can matter more than IQ. New York: Bantam Books. Goleman, D. (1998). Working with emotional intelligence. Bantam Books. Mohan, J. (2003). Emotional intelligence questionnaire, training instrument. Chandigarh: Punjab University. Sanwal, V. (2004). Emotional intelligence: The Indian scenario. New Delhi: Indian Publisher Distributors.
A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF NON VERBAL INTELLIGENCE BETWEEN RURAL AND URBAN SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENT OF MAHARASHTRA STATE

Vijay Dhamane & Roshan More

Page No.: 12950 - 12961

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 The present study investigated the Intelligence of Secondary and Higher Secondary School Students of Maharashtra. The study was conducted on fourteen hundred and forty (1440) class 9th to 12th by giving due representation to boys and girls as well as rural and urban location of the six administrative regional zone in Maharashtra state, namely: Pune, Aurangabad, Amravati, Nasik, Kokan and Nagpur. The schools were selected using stratified random sampling technique. The selected schools are affiliated to SSC and HSC board, i.e. Secondary and Higher Secondary School Board controlled by the department of education, government of Maharashtra. The descriptive survey method is used for data collections. As far as Intelligence was measured by the group test of Non verbal test of intelligence constructed and standardized by More (2019). The finding of the study reported that, i) comparisons between rural and urban secondary and higher secondary school a student on NVTI shows that urban student are more intelligent than rural students. ii) Comparisons between male and female secondary and higher secondary school students on NVTI shows that male student are more intelligent than female students.
Keywords: Intelligence, Secondary and Higher Secondary School Students
 
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Anastasi, A. (1992). What counselors should know about the use and interpretation of psychological tests? Journal of Counseling and Development, 70(5):610–615. Anastasi, A. (1992). What counselors should know about the use and interpretation of psychological tests? Journal of Counseling and Development, 70(5):610–615. Anastasi, A. & Urbina, S. (2006), Psychological Testing International. 7th Ed. New Delhi: Pearson Education. Anderson, M. (2006). Intelligence.MS Encarta online encyclopedia. Binet, Alfred. (1905) L’Année Psychologique, 12,191-244. Burt, C. L. (1957). The causes and treatments of backwardness. University of London press. Dhull, Jitendra (2012). A Comparative Study of the Achievement in Science in Relation to Intelligence, Academic Anxiety and Reading Interest of the X Class Students in Government and Private Schools of Haryana, An Published Thesis, Department of Education, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak-124001. Dutta, Jadab, Chetia, Pranab & Soni, J.C (2015).A Comparative Study on Intelligence of Secondary School Students in Lakhimpur District of Assam. International Journal of Development Research, ISSN: 2230-9926, vol.5, Issue.09, pp.5594-5599. Dutta, Jadab, Rajknower, Suresh & Soni, J.C (2015). A Comparative Study on Intelligence of Secondary School Students in Lakhimpur and Sonitpur Districts of Assam. Contemporary Research Spectrum, International, Multi-Disciplinary, Bi-annual & Referenced Print Journal, ISSN:2454-8987, Vol. 1, Issue 1, pp. 31-43.
SELF EFFICACY OF PRE-SERVICE TEACHERS TOWARDS INCLUSIVE EDUCATION

Nisha Valvi & Prof. Sanjeev Sonawane

Page No.: 12962 - 12969

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 Inclusion in education is an approach to educating the students with special educational needs. Under the inclusion model students with special needs spend most or all of their time non disabled students. Implementation of these practices varies schools most frequently use them for selected students with mild to severe special needs. Inclusion can be detained and evaluated at the level of principles, place, purpose, practice and person. A teacher must have knowledge of his/her subject, methods & techniques of teaching which affect his/her teaching. Planning commission projects, stated in their draft report- “modern education aims at education of the whole person. so every teacher should have a deep knowledge & understanding of children and a skill for applying that knowledge and understanding. Teacher education programme must do a better job of preparing, both general and special education to work together to effectively implement inclusion in their schools and school must provide professional development for their staff to better prepare them for inclusive schools and classrooms. Pre-service teachers self efficacy means own belief in his\\ her capability to organize & execute courses of action requires to successfully accomplish a special student with normal students in inclusive education context. Teachers self efficacy is very important for inclusion. Present paper focuses on what is the status of pre-service teachers self efficacy towards inclusive education.
Key Words – Inclusive Education, Self Efficacy, Pre-Service Teachers
 
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Advani, Lal and Chadha, Anupriya (2003). You and your special child, New Delhi: UBS publishers Distributors Pvt.Ltd Sharma, Kaushal and Mahapatra (2007). Emerging Trends in Inclusive Education, Delhi: IUY publication Puri, Madumita and Abraham, George (2004). Handbook of Inclusive Education for Educators, Administrators, and planners, sage publications New Delhi Thousand oaks/London
GRAMIN BHAGATIL MATANG SAMAJATIL VIDHYARTHYANCHYA SHAIKSHANIK SAMSYA

Geeta Shinde & Dipak Nade

Page No.: 12970 - 12987

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INCLUSIVE EDUCATION

Minakshi Biswal

Page No.: 12988 - 12997

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Das, Ashima; Das, Shankar; Kattumari, Ruth; Inclusive Education: Acontextual working Model, Concept Publishing Company PVT. LTD., New Delhi, 2013. Sharma, Bharathi; Inclusive Education:Needs, Practices and Prospects, Kanishka Publishers, Distributors, New Delhi, 2014. Deshprabhu, Suchitra; Inclusive Education in India:An overview; Kanishka Publishers, Distributors, New Delhi, 2014. Menon, Latika;Inclusive and Integrated Approaches to Special Education; Kanishka Publishers, Distributors, New Delhi, 2014. Bateman, D. & Bateman, C. (2002). What Does a Principal Need To Know about Inclusion? Arlington, VA: ERIC Clearinghouse on Disabilities and Gifted Education. (ERIC Document Reproduction Service No. ED473828) Douvanis, G. & Hulsey, D. (2002). The Least Restrictive Environment Mandate: How Has It Been Defined by the Courts? ThakurA.S.and Berwal S “Development of learner and teaching learning process” Agarwal publications, Agra
GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT OF TOURIST ATTRACTIONS IN GOA STATE - A STUDY IN HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE

D. S. Saklani

Page No.: 12998 - 13008

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Archebispado. Constituicoes de Arcebispado de Goa. Goa Collegio de S. Paulo, 1643. Barros, Joao de and Couto, Diogo. Da Asia, Lisboa, Regia, Officiana Typographia, 1778-1888. Esteva, Thomas. Discurso sobre a vinda de Jesus Christo Nosso Saluodor ao Mundo, 1761. GOA. Arcebispado. Concilios Provinciais do Arcebispado de Goa, 1721. Padres da Companhia de Jesus. Vocabulario da Lingua Canari.
AUDYOGIK KSHETRAT PRABHAVI KARMCHARI PRASHIKSHANACHI GARAJ AANI MULYAMAPAN

K. S. Khairnar

Page No.: 13009 - 13011

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STRUCTURAL AND MAGNETIC PROPERTIES OF MN0.8CO0.2FE2O4 FERRITE NANOPARTICLES

Ravindra Kalesha, Ravindra N. Kambaleb, Syed Habibuddin Syed Abed Alib & Vaishali Bamboleb

Page No.: 13012 - 13016

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Cobalt doped Manganese (Mn0.8Co0.2Fe2O4) spinel ferrite nanoparticles have been synthesized by green sol-gel auto combustion technique with lemon juice. The prepared sample was sintered at 550?C for 8 hrs. The structure and morphology of prepared sample were investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Field Emission Gun Scanning electron microscopy (FEG-SEM) technique. The X-ray diffraction pattern confirm the single phase formation and the crystallite size of synthesized Mn0.8Co0.2Fe2O4 ferrite nanoparticles were found to be within the range of 8 -12nm.The magnetic properties were studies by using vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). The saturation magnetization, coercivity, remanence, Bohr magneton and anisotropy constant (K) were calculated from the M-H hysteresis loop. Keywords: Nanoparticles, Saturation magnetization, anisotropy constant and Bohr magneton.
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S. G .Algude, S.M.Patange, S.E.Shirsath, D.R.Mane, K.M.Jadhav, J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 350, 39-41 (2014). Pradeep Chavan, L R Naik, Vacuum 15. 47-49 (2018) J.F.Hochepied, M.P.Pileni, J. Appl. Phys. 87, 2472 (2000). Jian Ming Gao, Zhi Kai Yan, Jing Liu, Mei Zhang, Min Guo, Material Letters.141, 122- 124 (2015) Zhu Yan, Juhua Luo, J. alloys. Compd. 695, 1185 – 1195 (2017). Jian-Ming Gao, Zhi-kai Yan, Jing Liu, Mei Zhang, Min Guon, Materials Letters. 141, 122–124 (2015) M.H.Khedr, A.A.Omar, M.I.Nasr, E.K.Sedeek, J. Anal. Appl. Pyroly. 76, 203 (2006). E Ateria, M A Ahmed, R M Ghouniem, Solid State Sci. 3, 99-106 (2014) Lijun Zhao Hua, Yang Lianxiang, YuYuming, Cui Xueping, ZhaoShouhua Feng, 242, 2, 686–691 (2007). H. Duan, F. Zhou, X. Cheng, G. Chen, Q. Li, J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 424, 467-471 (2017). Ravindra N Kambale, Akhilesh Patel, K G Suresh, Vaishali A Bambole, Int. J. Eng. Tech. Sci. Research. 5, 2, 147-154 (2018). SateeshPrathapani, M. Vinitha, T. V. Jayaraman, and D. Das, J. Appl. Phys. 115, 17A502-1-3 (2014). R. S. Alam, M. Moradi, M. Rostami, H. Nikmanesh, R. Moayedi, Y. Bai, J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 381, 1-9 (2015). V.Rives, O.Prieto, A.Dubey, S.Kannan, J. Catal. 220, 161-167 (2003). F.Prinetto, D.Tichit, R.Teissier, B.Coq, Catal. Today. 55, 103-116 (2000). Yu-jiaSuna, Yi-feiDiaob, Hui-gang Wanga, Guangju Chena, Mei Zhanga, Min Guoa, CeramicInternational. 43, 16474-16481 (2017). H. Moradmard, S. Farjam, Shayestel, P Tohidi, Z Abbas, M. Khaleghi , J. alloys. Compd. 650, 116-122 (2015). NallaSomaiah, T.V.Jayaraman, P.A.Joy, Dibakar Das, J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 324, 14, 2286-2291 (2012).
SOCIAL SKILLS ASSESSMENT FOR COLLEGE STUDENTS

Prof. Hasina Shaikh & Anita Belapurkar

Page No.: 13017 - 13023

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Anderman, L. H., & Kaplan, A. (2008). The role of interpersonal relationships in student motivation: Introduction to the special issue. The Journal of Experimental Education, 76(2), 115-119. Çimen, N., & Koçyi?it, S. (2010). A study on the achievement level of social skills objectives and outcomes in the preschool curriculum for six-year-olds. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 2(2), 5612-5618.
A STUDY OF PRIVATE SCHOOL PRINCIPALS AND TEACHERS ATTITUDE TOWARDS INCLUSION OF SOCIALLY AND ECONOMICALLY WEAKER SECTION STUDENTS UNDER RIGHT TO EDUCATION ACT 2009

Vindeshwari Pawar & Ms. Smita Pati

Page No.: 13024 - 13033

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In the present study an attempt has been made by the investigators to study the attitude of private school principals & teachers towards inclusion of socially & economically weaker section students under Right to education Act 2009, in Cuttack city of Odisha state. The investigators have used descriptive survey method for the present study. The sample consists of 100 teachers and 8 principals from 8 private English medium schools situated in Cuttack city, Odisha state. Stratified Random sampling technique has been used for the selection of the samples. To measure the attitude towards the inclusion of socially & economically weaker section students under Right to education act 2009,The investigators have developed two self made questionnaires, one for the Principals & other for the teachers. For analysis of the data, Mean, S.D and t-test have been used in the present study. The Overall results indicates that the attitude of Private school principals and teachers of Cuttack city, Odisha is neither favourable nor unfavourable i.e moderate towards The inclusion of socially & economically weaker section students under Right to Education Act 2009. Key words: Attitude, Inclusion, Principals, Teachers, Right to Education Act 2009, socially & economically weaker section, Private English medium schools
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Ministry of Human Resource Development (MHRD)2011.Framework for implementation: Based on the Right of Children to free and compulsory Education Act 2009, New Delhi, Department of school Education and literacy, MHRD. Sethi,C. (2017),A study of challenges of Right to education Act,2009 among municipal corporation primary schoolteachers of Delhi, Amity International journal of Teacher education,vol.2,No.1,pp 1-5. Sharma Savita(2011), The Right to education-2009: A mission to empower children, EDUSEARCH,Vol.2,No.2,Oct.2011,pp1-6. Sharma,Mudita(2016),Right to education and inclusive education: Some theoretical perspectives, International journal of advanced scientific Research, vol.1,issue.2,pp.35-38. K. Premalaxmi(2011), Right to Education and common School system-Perception among teachers, EDUSEARCH, Vol2,No.2,Oct.2011, PP106-111. Mishra,Mallica.(2005),Poor children in rich schools, working paper, Institute of social studies Trust ,New Delhi
HAPPINESS EDUCATION: THROUGH THE LENS OF MAULANA AZAD, CONNECTING LIBERAL EDUCATION

Yasmin Bilal Attar, Neelima Tikhe & Geeta Shinde

Page No.: 13034 - 13042

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https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/home/education/news/nep-2020-to-boost-liberal-arts- ecosystem-in-india/articleshow/78979526.cms Krishna Kumar The NEP & Liberal arts education JULY 20, 2019 00:02 IST Drama and Art in EducationbyLeverage EduDecember 4, 2020 Matthew Lynch,Happier Students, Higher Scores: The Role of Arts Integration 2 July 2014 Happiness Curriculum ISBN: 978-93-85943-72-0 © SCERT, Delhi January, 2019 Speeches of Maulana Azad (1947-1958) Publication Division Ministry of Information &Broadcasting, Government of India, Patiala House New Delhi 1989 https://cgivancouver.gov.in/pdf/Salient_Features_ofNewEducationPolicy2020(NEP_2020).p df https://www.economicsdiscussion.net/articles/development-of-education-in-india-after- independence/2293 https://indianexpress.com/article/explained/reading-new-education-policy-india-schools- colleges-6531603/
EFFECTIVENESS OF THE INQUIRY BASED LEARNING (IBL) PROGRAM ON ACHIEVEMENT AND SOCIAL SKILLS AMONG THE SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS

Madhuri Sanjay Yadav

Page No.: 13043 - 13050

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National Education Policy (NEP) 2020 suggest that science should be taught with hands on experiences, which will help in increasing social skills among the students of 21st century. According to Bruner the reasons to use inquiry based learning, namely potential intelligence, intrinsic motive, heuristic of inquiry learning, and memory conservation. This study was mainly focus on testing effectiveness of Inquiry Based Learning (IBL) program on student’s achievement and social skill among secondary school students in Pune city. The researcher has selected experimental research and selected 80 students who were randomly assigned in two groups as experimental and control group. The objectives of the study were to test the effectiveness of Inquiry Based Learning (IBL) program on student’s achievement and to study social skill development among the secondary students who were studying Science. The study also focuses on comparison of effectiveness of IBL program with conventional learning The findings of the study shows that Inquiry Based Learning (IBL) program was more effective than conventional learning, it also shows significant difference between mean scores of pretest and posttest at 0.01 level and help to develop various social skills such as problem solving, decision making, critical thinking etc. Key words: Inquiry Based Learning, Social skills, achievement, etc.
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Abdi, A. (2014). The Effect of Inquiry-Based Learning Method on Students’ Academic Achievement in Science Course. Universal journal of educational Research, 2(1), 37- 41. Choi I., Lee, S.J., & Jung, J.W. (2008) Designing Multimedia Case-Based Instruction Accomodating student’s Diverse Learning Style. Journal of Educational Multimedia and Hypermedia, 17 (1), 5-25 Kalia,A.K. (2005). “Effectiveness of Mastery learning strategy and Inquiry training model on pupils’ achievement in Science”. Indian Educational Review,41, pp.76-83. National Research Council. (1996). National science education standards. DC: National Academies Press, Washington Nuangchalerm, P. (2014). Inquiry-based learning in China: lesson learned for school science practices. Asian Sosial Science, 10 (13), 64-71 Wallace, R. S. (1997). Structural Equation Model of the Relationships among Inquiry- Based Instruction, Attitudes toward Science, Achievement in Science and Gender. Illinois University, Northon. 212 Wood, W. B. (2003). Inquiry-based undergraduate teaching in life sciences at large research universities: A perspective on the boyer commission report. Cell Biology Education, 2, 112-116. http:///tusedv13i4a3.pdf https://scholar.umw.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1391&context=student_research
STUDY OF THE CORRELATION OF SOCIAL MATURITY AND EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE OF D. EL. ED. STUDENTS’ TEACHERS

Asst. Prof. Dipali Mehakarkar & Prof. Sharad Vishawasrao

Page No.: 13051 - 13058

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Education is the means of all round development of an individual. Teaching learning process is the example of social interaction, in which teacher and learner are very important. Social maturity and emotional intelligence both are related to proper behavior of an individual. In teacher training course, students’ teachers are trained for dealing with behavioral changes of their learners. It is very important to study about social maturity and emotional intelligence levels of teachers and about their correlation. The present study investigates the correlation of social maturity and emotional intelligence of D.El.Ed. students’ teachers. It is a survey, which focuses on the correlation of social maturity and emotional intelligence of D.El.Ed. students’ teachers. The findings indicates that, there is significant relationship between social maturity and emotional intelligence of D.El.Ed. students’ teachers. So, teacher training institutions should try to enhance students’ teachers social maturity and emotional intelligence. Keywords: Social Maturity, Emotional Intelligence, D.El.Ed. student teachers
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Ahuja Ram, (2001). Research methods - Jaipur and New Delhi, Rawat publications. A.S. Arul Lawrence and Rev. Dr. I. Jesudoss (2011). Relationship between Social Maturity and Academic Achievement of Higher Secondary School Students. International Journal of Educational Administration. ISSN 0976-5883 Volume 3, Number 3 (2011), pp. 243-250© Research India Publications - http://www.ripublication.com Dinesh kumar, Ritu, (2013). Social maturity of senior secondary school students in relation to their personality. AJMR, Asian Journal of Multidimensional Research Vol.2 Issue 8, August 2013, ISSN 2278-4853 - http://www.tarj.in John D. Mayer, Peter Salovey & David Caruso, (2004). Emotional Intelligence: Theory, Findings and Implications – Psychological Inquiry, 2004 Vol. 15 No. 7 197-215. Kothari C.R., (2009). Research methodology – New Delhi, New age international (P) limited, Publishers. Mangal S.K. & Mangal (2005). Manual for Emotional Intelligence Inventory, Agra National Psychological Corporation, New Delhi. Mangal S.K, (2012 ed.). Statistics in Psychology and Education. PHI publication, New Delhi. Michel, E. (2016). Study of the impact of emotional intelligence on students’ academic performance in Malaysia. IJABM, Vol. 4. (No. 1) April 2016 ISSN 2289-4519. Porvaznik, Jan and Misun, Juraj (2013): Importance and role of social maturity in the concept of holistic managerial competence. Published in: 10th EBES Conference Proceedings, May 23-25, 2013, Istanbul, Turkey Raj M., (1996). Definition of Social MATURITY, Encyclopedia - Dictionary of Psychology And Education. New Delhi: Anmol publications. Rao, N. (1986). Manual for Rao’s Social maturity scale, Agra National Psychological Corporation, New Delhi. Suprerna Khanna, (2011). Emotional Intelligence in relation to social maturity of adolescent children of working and non-working mothers. ISSN No-2231-5063 Vol.1,Issue.II/Agust 11pp.1-4 https://www.verywellmind.com/what-is-emotional-intelligence-2795423 https://www.study.com/social maturity
ROLE OF POSITIVE THOUGHTS, DIET, AND EXERCISE IN DEVELOPING PERSONAL RESILIENCE

Asst. Prof. Vrushali H. Rokade & Mohan S. Kamble

Page No.: 13059 - 13064

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The present study focus on the role of positive thought process, diet and exercise in developing personal resilience among the B.Ed. students. B.Ed. students are future teachers of the country. They shoulder a huge responsibility in development of the nation. To make them mentally strong resilience plays an important role. So researchers have focused on positive thought process, diet and exercise for being emotionally and physical strong. Today’s work conditions in schools vary a lot and in present situation stress plays a vital role in creating negative thought process. To overcome negative thoughts and remain focus on the pre-decided is challenging situation. Researcher has employed survey method to find out the role of positive thought process, diet and exercise in developing personal resilience among the B.Ed. students. Key words: positive thought process, diet exercise, personal resilience, and B.Ed. students
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Best, J.W. & Khan J.V/ (2006), Research in Education, 10thEdn. PHI Leasrning Private Limited, New Delhi-110001. Mohan, Radha (2010), Research methods in Education, 2nd edition, Neelkamal Publication PVT. LTD, Hyderabad. Russell E. (1984), Research on Motivation in Education I, Publishers, Academic Press Inc Koul, Lokesh, (2009), Research methodology, fourth edition, UBS Publishers’ Distributors PVT LTD Siddiqui, Abid M., (2019), Essentials of Guidance And Counselling, Kanishka Publishers, Distributors, New Delhi. Sotomayor, Arden E., ( 2012) Teachers: The Development and Evaluation of the Special Education Career Resilience Scale. University of Maryland. Kumarta?li, Mehmet (2014), the determination of resilience scales scores’ of teachers in the sample of isparta, volume 3, issue 1, IOJPE, ISSN1300-915, www.iojpe.org.
OPPRESSION OF DALITS IN BAMA’S SANGATI

Khagendra Sethi

Page No.: 13065 - 13071

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Anand, S. Work, Caste and Competing Masculinities: Notes from a Tamil Village”. Economic and Political Weekly 37.43 (October 26-November 1, 2002). Arora, Neena. Nayantara Sahgal and Doris Lessing - A Feminist Study in Comparision. New Delhi: Prestige Books, 1991. Bama. Sangati. Trans. Lakshmi Holmstrom. New Delhi: Oxford University Press, 2005. Clarke, Sathianathan. Dalits and Christianity: Subaltern Religion and Liberation Theology in India. New Delhi: OUP, 1998. Kumar, Raj. Dalit Personal Narratives. Kolkata: Dilip Printing House, 2010. Lanjewar, Jyoti. Dalit Literature and Dalit Women in India: Issues and Perspectives ( Ed.), P. G. Jogdand. New Delhi: Gyan Publishing House, 1996. Limbale, Sharan Kumar. Towards an Aesthetic of Dalit Literature: History, Controversies and Considerations. New Delhi: Orient Longman, 2004. Velaskar, Padma. “At the Intersection of Caste, Class and Patriarchy: Exploring Dalit Women’s Oppression”. Dalit Assertion in Society, Literature and History. Ed. Imtiaz Ahmad and Shashi Bhushan Upadhyay. New Delhi, Orient Blackswan: 2010.
NEED OF EXISTENCE OF LOCAL SELF GOVERNMENT BODIES IN INDIA

Rachita Subrat Ratho

Page No.: 13072 - 13080

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All over the world, since ancient times the local government bodies have been in existence. In fact, after the development of the “family” institution on the earth, the next institution developed or evolved as the local government. It developed or evolved out of the necessity of managing the essential needs of many families living in a group, such as roads, water supply, cleanliness, internal and external protection, settling disputes, etc. The elders or the elected/appointed people by the group of families are used to managing these affairs. In course of time, the superior functions such as imposing taxes for the services rendered, imparting justice, and imposing and executing punishments and fines have been segregated from the routine and trial functions of local government and they were taken over by central or provincial governments, which in the olden times were not mostly democratic. In this paper, the author has attempted to discuss the constitutional amendments, functions, and social work intervention in the Local Self Government. Keywords: Local Self Government, Social Work Intervention, Democratic Government, Needs Fulfillment.
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Dash, C.D. (2004). “The Constitution (74th Amendment Act, 1992: Some observations, in Urban Administration in India. David Savage and Shubhagata Dasgupta (2006) Indian Infrastructure Report 2006 Governance framework for Delivery of Urban Services, Pp 43-56. George Mathew (2011) Panchayat Raj from Legislation to Movement, Pp no. 6-14. Judy L. Krysik (2013) Research for Effective Social Work Practice, https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203077894 Mishra, Amareswar (1999) “Constitutional Status of Local governments In India” in Constitution and Constitutionalism in India”. Neil Thompson (2016) The Professional Social Work – Meeting the Challenge Pp. 20-33. P. Muralidhar (2018) Urban Local Bodies, Pp. 36-48. R N Prasad (2006) Urban Local Self Government in India. Tomila V Lankia (2004) Governing the Locals – Local Self Government and Ethnic Mobilization in Russia, V D Mahajan (April – June 1946) Why has local Self Government failed in India, Vol 7 No.4, Pp 521 -527,
SNATAK STAR ME ADHYAYANRAT VIDYARTHIUON KI DHARMNIRPEKSHATA KE PRATI ABHIVRUTTI KA TULNATMAK ADHYAYAN

Saroj Bala, Shashikant Yadav & Shashi Yadav

Page No.: 13081 - 13088

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A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF FRUSTRATION TOLERANCE AMONG HIGHER SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS IN KOZHIKODE DISTRICT

Priya. T & Shamna Chandran

Page No.: 13017 - 13022

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This paper explains about the frustration tolerance among higher secondary school students in Kozhikode district. We all experience frustration when or needs, wants and demands are not met, when we are faced with obstacles that impede our progress. Frustration is a fact of life: therefore our ability to tolerate frustration is crucial to the successful achievement of our long-term goals. when we are easily frustrated and upset, we are said to have, Low frustration Tolerance(LFT). If, on the other hand, we are less disturbed or upset by short-term frustrations, and can go through difficulties, we are said to have High Frustration Tolerance, and can go through difficulties, we are said to have High Frustration Tolerance(HFT). Tolerance is the Capacity to endure pain or hardship. Related to the concept of ambiguity is tolerance. Tolerance is a fair and objective attitude toward those whose opinions, practices, race, religion, nationality, etc. differ from one’s own.
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Freud,S.(1921). Types of Onset and Neurosis. The standard edition of the complete psychological works of Sigmund Freud.J. Strachery.London, Hogarth Press.pp227-230. Nash,J.B.&P.A. Moroz(1997). An Examination of the factor structures of the Computer Attitude Scale. Journal of Educational Computing reseach.17(4),341-356. Sohi,B.S.(1996). A study of Locus of Control ,Self-concept& Ridigity in relation to Creativity among tenth graders. Journal of Educational Research and Extension,33(2).pp71-75. Sinha,S. (1954).Frustration as a Determinent of level of Aspiration. Journal of Educational Psychology,12(3),pp.10-14.
YOG JIVAN ME - SWASTH AUR NIROGI BANE RAHANE KE LIYE KIS TARAH MAHATWAPURN BHUMIKA NIBHATA HE

Dr. Manjeet Singh Bhandari

Recived Date: 2019-07-20 | Accepted Date: 2019-08-24 | Published Date: 2019-09-01

Page No.: 13089 - 13091

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ENERGY-EFFICIENT COMPOSITE MATERIALS FOR I.C. ENGINE COMBUSTION CHAMBERS: APPLICATIONS AND PERFORMANCE REVIEW

Mahesh M. Chudasama

Recived Date: 2019-07-20 | Accepted Date: 2019-08-24 | Published Date: 2019-09-01

Page No.: 13092 - 13102

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          Increasing demands for stricter emission norms, rising fuel prices, and the need for greater precision in vehicle emission standards are putting significant pressure on engine manufacturers to adopt technologies that reduce emissions and improve the efficiency of internal combustion engines. One such approach is the use of Thermal Barrier Coatings (TBCs), particularly ceramic coatings, to minimize frictional losses and wear in engine components. This study presents a comprehensive literature review on the application of ceramic TBCs in internal combustion engine chambers, aiming to identify suitable coating materials and evaluate their performance effects. The review highlights the impact of TBCs on brake specific fuel consumption, brake power, emission characteristics, pollutant levels, and the thermal fatigue life of engine components. Plasma thermal spray methods are commonly employed to apply ceramic layers to key engine parts such as pistons, cylinder heads, cylinder blocks, and intake/exhaust valves. The findings are based on an extensive survey of reference books, conference proceedings, and peer-reviewed research papers, with detailed discussions on coating materials, application techniques, and the conclusions drawn by various researchers. This work underscores the potential of ceramic coatings to enhance engine performance and longevity while contributing to emission reduction goals.



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SIGNIFICANCE OF ‘TENA TYAKTEN BHUÑJ?TH?? M? G?DHA? KASYASVID DHANA?

Dr. Kalpana Athalye

Recived Date: 2019-07-20 | Accepted Date: 2019-08-24 | Published Date: 2019-09-01

Page No.: 13103 - 13111

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